同情：一项关于伊朗乳腺癌女性的定性研究。
Pity: a qualitative study on Iranian women with breast cancer.
作者信息
Zeighami Mohammadi Sharareh, Mohammadkhan Kermanshahi Sima, Vanaki Zohreh
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran,
出版信息
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018 Dec 20;13:21-28. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S183712. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Women with breast cancer (BC) are commonly confronted with others' pity. However, there is limited information about pity in Iranian women with BC. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions, reactions, coping strategies, and consequences of pity among Iranian women with BC.
METHODS
This qualitative study was carried out from March 2016 till October 2017. A purposive sample of 36 women with BC was selected with maximum variation from three health care centers in Alborz Province, Iran. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and analyzed using a conventional content-analysis approach.
RESULTS
Our findings indicated that Iranian women with BC experienced received pity and perceived unusual attention from others as due to certain reasons. Others' pity caused negative emotional reactions in them. They used self-protection strategies against others' pity. The consequences of self-protection against pity were normalizing the patient's flow of life and/or social isolation.
CONCLUSION
Pity is a serious psychosocial challenge in Iranian women with BC, with negative effects on quality of life. Therefore, pity should be considered in counseling and psychosocial screening of patients.
背景
乳腺癌（BC）患者常面临他人的怜悯。然而，关于伊朗乳腺癌女性患者所遭遇怜悯的信息有限。本研究旨在探讨伊朗乳腺癌女性患者对怜悯的认知、反应、应对策略及后果。
方法
本定性研究于2016年3月至2017年10月开展。从伊朗阿尔伯兹省的三个医疗中心选取了36名乳腺癌女性患者作为有目的的样本，采用最大差异抽样法。通过半结构化访谈收集数据，并使用常规内容分析法进行分析。
结果
我们的研究结果表明，伊朗乳腺癌女性患者感受到他人的怜悯，并认为他人因某些原因给予她们不同寻常的关注。他人的怜悯在她们身上引发了负面情绪反应。她们采取自我保护策略来应对他人的怜悯。自我保护以对抗怜悯的后果是使患者的生活流程正常化和/或导致社交隔离。
结论
怜悯对伊朗乳腺癌女性患者而言是一项严峻的社会心理挑战，对生活质量有负面影响。因此，在对患者进行咨询和社会心理筛查时应考虑到怜悯因素。
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