Gallily Ruth, Yekhtin Zhannah, Hanuš Lumír Ondřej
The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Department of Medicinal and Natural Products, Institute for Drug Research, The Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2018 Dec 26;3(1):282-290. doi: 10.1089/can.2018.0014. eCollection 2018.
Cannabinoids are well known to have anti-inflammatory effects in mammalians; however, the Cannabis plant also contains other compounds such as terpenoids, whose biological effects have not yet been characterized. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory properties of terpenoids with those of cannabidiol (CBD). Essential oils prepared from three monoecious nonpsychoactive chemotypes of Cannabis were analyzed for their terpenoid content and subsequently studied pharmacologically for their anti-inflammatory properties and . , the three essential oils rich in terpenoids partly inhibited reactive oxygen intermediate and nitric oxide radical (NO) production in RAW 264.7 stimulated macrophages. The three terpenoid-rich oils exerted moderate anti-inflammatory activities in an anti-inflammatory model without affecting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) serum levels. The different Cannabis chemotypes showed distinct compositions of terpenoids. The terpenoid-rich essential oils exert anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities and , which vary according to their composition. Their effects seem to act independent of TNFα. None of the essential oils was as effective as purified CBD. In contrast to CBD that exerts prolonged immunosuppression and might be used in chronic inflammation, the terpenoids showed only a transient immunosuppression and might thus be used to relieve acute inflammation.
大麻素在哺乳动物中具有抗炎作用，这是众所周知的；然而，大麻植物还含有其他化合物，如萜类化合物，其生物学效应尚未得到表征。本研究的目的是比较萜类化合物与大麻二酚（CBD）的抗炎特性。对从三种雌雄同株的非精神活性化学型大麻中制备的精油进行了萜类化合物含量分析，并随后对其抗炎特性进行了药理学研究。结果表明，这三种富含萜类化合物的精油部分抑制了RAW 264.7刺激的巨噬细胞中活性氧中间体和一氧化氮自由基（NO）的产生。在抗炎模型中，这三种富含萜类化合物的油发挥了适度的抗炎活性，而不影响肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）的血清水平。不同的大麻化学型显示出不同的萜类化合物组成。富含萜类化合物的精油具有抗炎和抗伤害感受活性，其活性因组成而异。它们的作用似乎独立于TNFα。没有一种精油与纯化的CBD一样有效。与具有长期免疫抑制作用且可用于慢性炎症的CBD不同，萜类化合物仅表现出短暂的免疫抑制作用，因此可用于缓解急性炎症。
