Omisore Nusirat Omotayo, Oyewole Mukaila Oyeleke, Akinkunmi Ezekiel Olugbenga
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Afr J Infect Dis. 2018 Dec 12;13(1):39-47. doi: 10.21010/ajid.v13i1.5. eCollection 2019.
There is a need to have regular updates from regions where high burden of tuberculosis (TB) have been reported in order to assist the local and global bodies in their objective to curtail the spread of drug resistant TB (DRTB). This study presents a situation report of DRTB in Adamawa State which has been identified as one of the States with high burden of TB in Nigeria.
Sputum culture in Lowenstein-Jensen Media, drug sensitivity tests and the GeneXpert MTB/Rif analysis were used in the identification and drug susceptibility studies of isolates obtained from forty TB patients who were enrolled from three selected hospitals with DOTS facilities in the State.
The age of TB patients range from 17 to 70 years (median = 30 years). Twenty (50 %) isolates were detected by the GeneXpertMTB/Rif analysis while the media culture detected 31 (77.5%). The two methods however detected rifampicin resistance in 4 (10%) of the total isolates. All rifampicin resistant isolates were multidrug resistant TB (MDRTB) and three of them were from male patients aged 30, 38 and 45. There was only one case of resistance to streptomycin, 3 to ethambutol and 6 to isoniazid. Monoresistance were only observed for ethambutol and isoniazid and it was found in two isolates for each.
There is a need to provide interventions to control MDRTB in the state and to make such interventions available and closer to the patients.
有必要定期从报告结核病（TB）负担较重的地区获取最新信息，以协助地方和全球机构实现遏制耐多药结核病（DRTB）传播的目标。本研究呈现了阿达马瓦州耐多药结核病的情况报告，该州已被确定为尼日利亚结核病负担较重的州之一。
采用罗-琴培养基进行痰培养、药物敏感性试验以及GeneXpert MTB/Rif分析，对从该州三家设有直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）设施的选定医院招募的40例结核病患者分离株进行鉴定和药物敏感性研究。
结核病患者年龄在17至70岁之间（中位数 = 30岁）。通过GeneXpert MTB/Rif分析检测到20株（50%）分离株，而培养基培养检测到31株（77.5%）。然而，两种方法在全部分离株中均检测到4株（10%）对利福平耐药。所有对利福平耐药的分离株均为耐多药结核病（MDRTB），其中3株来自年龄分别为30岁、38岁和45岁的男性患者。仅1例对链霉素耐药，3例对乙胺丁醇耐药，6例对异烟肼耐药。仅观察到对乙胺丁醇和异烟肼的单耐药情况，每种均在2株分离株中发现。
有必要在该州提供控制耐多药结核病的干预措施，并使这些干预措施更接近患者且易于获得。
