Giuliano Elena, Paolino Donatella, Fresta Massimo, Cosco Donato
Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Medicines (Basel). 2018 Dec 29;6(1):7. doi: 10.3390/medicines6010007.
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers able to absorb and retain a considerable amount of water or biological fluid while maintaining their structure. Among these, thermo-sensitive hydrogels, characterized by a temperature-dependent sol⁻gel transition, have been massively used as drug delivery systems for the controlled release of various bioactives. Poloxamer 407 (P407) is an ABA-type triblock copolymer with a center block of hydrophobic polypropylene oxide (PPO) between two hydrophilic polyethyleneoxide (PEO) lateral chains. Due to its unique thermo-reversible gelation properties, P407 has been widely investigated as a temperature-responsive material. The gelation phenomenon of P407 aqueous solutions is reversible and characterized by a sol⁻gel transition temperature. The nanoencapsulation of drugs within biocompatible delivery systems dispersed in P407 hydrogels is a strategy used to increase the local residence time of various bioactives at the injection site. In this mini-review, the state of the art of the most important mixed systems made up of colloidal carriers localized within a P407 hydrogel will be provided in order to illustrate the possibility of obtaining a controlled release of the entrapped drugs and an increase in their therapeutic efficacy as a function of the biomaterial used.
水凝胶是亲水性聚合物的三维网络，能够吸收并保留大量水分或生物流体，同时保持其结构。其中，以温度依赖性溶胶-凝胶转变为特征的热敏水凝胶已被大量用作各种生物活性物质控释的药物递送系统。泊洛沙姆407（P407）是一种ABA型三嵌段共聚物，在两条亲水性聚环氧乙烷（PEO）侧链之间有一个疏水性聚环氧丙烷（PPO）中心嵌段。由于其独特的热可逆凝胶化特性，P407已作为一种温度响应材料得到广泛研究。P407水溶液的凝胶化现象是可逆的，其特征在于溶胶-凝胶转变温度。将药物纳米包封在分散于P407水凝胶中的生物相容性递送系统内，是一种用于增加各种生物活性物质在注射部位局部停留时间的策略。在本综述中，将介绍由位于P407水凝胶内的胶体载体组成的最重要混合系统的研究现状，以说明根据所用生物材料实现包封药物控释及其治疗效果提高的可能性。
