Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Dec 29;20(1):116. doi: 10.3390/ijms20010116.
Metastasis is responsible for most of the cancer-associated deaths and proceeds through multiple steps. Several lines of evidence have established an indispensable involvement of macrophages present at the primary tumor sites in various steps of metastasis, from primary tumor growth to its intravasation into circulation. The lungs encompass a large, dense vascular area and, therefore, are vulnerable to metastasis, particularly, hematogenous ones arising from various types of neoplasms. Lung tissues constitutively contain several types of tissue-resident macrophages and circulating monocytes to counteract potentially harmful exogenous materials, which directly reach through the airway. Recent advances have provided an insight into the ontogenetic, phenotypic, and functional heterogeneity of these lung macrophage and monocyte populations, under resting and inflammatory conditions. In this review, we discuss the ontogeny, trafficking dynamics, and functions of these pulmonary macrophages and monocytes and their potential roles in lung metastasis and measures to combat lung metastasis by targeting these populations.
转移是导致大多数癌症相关死亡的原因，它经过多个步骤进行。有几条证据表明，存在于原发性肿瘤部位的巨噬细胞在转移的各个步骤中都发挥了不可或缺的作用，从原发性肿瘤的生长到其进入循环系统的浸润。肺部包含一个大而密集的血管区域，因此容易受到转移的影响，特别是来自各种类型肿瘤的血源性转移。肺组织中固有地含有几种类型的组织驻留巨噬细胞和循环单核细胞，以对抗通过气道直接到达的潜在有害外源性物质。最近的进展提供了对这些肺巨噬细胞和单核细胞群体在静息和炎症状态下的个体发生、表型和功能异质性的深入了解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这些肺巨噬细胞和单核细胞的个体发生、迁移动力学和功能，以及它们在肺转移中的潜在作用，以及通过针对这些群体来对抗肺转移的措施。
