Alwin Robert Asirvatham, Al Dawish Mohamed Abdulaziz
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Diabetes Treatment Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2019 May;16(3):227-235. doi: 10.1177/1479164118820714. Epub 2019 Jan 1.
Diabetes mellitus, besides disrupting the carbohydrate metabolism process, also induces vascular disease and impacts nearly all the types and sizes of blood vessels. In fact, vascular complications cause majority of the morbidity, hospitalizations and mortality of patients with diabetes mellitus. Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy (microvascular complications) impact hundreds of millions of diabetics and normally target those having long-term or uncontrolled forms of the disease; however, these disorders can also exist at the time of diagnosis or in those yet to be diagnosed. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the biggest country in the Middle East that occupies around four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula supporting a population of more than 33.3 million people. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate in Saudi Arabia. Over 25% of the adult population is suffering and that figure is projected to more than double by 2030. In fact, diabetes mellitus has approximately registered a 10-fold upsurge in the past three decades in Saudi Arabia. However, the prevalence and risk factors of microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients have not yet been clearly documented in Saudi Arabia. Hence, in this review, we aim to provide an overview of the microvascular complications among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia, utilizing data from the currently available published literature. This is an attempt to facilitate the government and healthcare systems aware of the enormous worth of prevention, early detection and appropriate management of such microvascular complications.
糖尿病除了扰乱碳水化合物代谢过程外，还会引发血管疾病，并影响几乎所有类型和大小的血管。事实上，血管并发症是糖尿病患者发病、住院和死亡的主要原因。视网膜病变、肾病和神经病变（微血管并发症）影响着数亿糖尿病患者，通常针对那些患有长期或未得到控制的糖尿病患者；然而，这些病症也可能在诊断时就已存在，或者在尚未被诊断出的患者中出现。沙特阿拉伯王国是中东最大的国家，占据了阿拉伯半岛约五分之四的面积，人口超过3330万。沙特阿拉伯的糖尿病患病率正以惊人的速度上升。超过25%的成年人口患有糖尿病，预计到2030年这一数字将增加一倍多。事实上，在过去三十年里，沙特阿拉伯的糖尿病患病率几乎增长了10倍。然而，沙特阿拉伯糖尿病患者微血管并发症的患病率和危险因素尚未得到明确记录。因此，在本综述中，我们旨在利用现有已发表文献中的数据，概述沙特阿拉伯糖尿病患者的微血管并发症情况。这是为了促使政府和医疗保健系统认识到预防、早期检测和妥善管理此类微血管并发症的巨大价值。
