Saiyed Nasrin S, Yagoub Umar, Al Qahtani Bandar, Al Zahrani Attiya Mohammed, Al Hariri Ibrahim, Syed Meerab Javed, Elmardi Mohammed Elmujtaba, Tufail Muhammad Abdullah, Manajreh Marwan
Research Department, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Academic Affairs Department, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 Jul 27;15:1619-1632. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S367241. eCollection 2022.
The burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is high in Saudi Arabia, but data related to its complications are limited. This study aimed to determine the incidence of microvascular complications caused by T2D and evaluate the impact of the associated risk factors.
This retrospective cohort study was conducted at two military hospitals in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Data on the socio-demographics, glycaemic profile, blood lipid indices, duration of T2D, and associated microvascular complications were collected from electronic health records and medical files. Descriptive statistics and Cox proportional hazards models were used for data analysis.
This study included 1563 T2D patients. The incidence of microvascular complications was 34.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.0-36.6). Retinopathy was the most common complication (incidence=20.0%; 95% CI, 18.0-22.0%), while nephropathy was the least common complication (incidence=12.2%; 95% CI, 10.6-13.8%). Advanced age (≥65 years) showed the highest risk of retinopathy (Hazard ratios [HR], 2.86; 95% CI, 2.56-3.21), neuropathy (HR, 2.70; 95% CI, 2.40-3.05), and nephropathy (HR, 2.37; 95% CI, 2.12-2.64) compared with their counterparts. After adjusting for potential confounders, the study found that the significant risk factors for microvascular complications were longer duration (≥10 years) of T2D (HR, 5.3; 95% CI, 5.1-5.6), uncontrolled hypertension (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 3.3-4.2), poor glycaemic control (HR, 4.6; 95% CI, 4.3-5.1), obesity (HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 2.2-2.6), and dyslipidaemia (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0).
Given the high burden of microvascular complications in military healthcare facilities in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, a context-specific accessible public health program focusing on the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and consumption of a healthy diet, as well as the early diagnosis and management of diabetes, needs to be developed and implemented.
沙特阿拉伯2型糖尿病（T2D）负担沉重，但与其并发症相关的数据有限。本研究旨在确定T2D所致微血管并发症的发生率，并评估相关危险因素的影响。
本回顾性队列研究在沙特阿拉伯塔布克的两家军事医院开展。从电子健康记录和医疗档案中收集社会人口统计学、血糖谱、血脂指标、T2D病程及相关微血管并发症的数据。采用描述性统计和Cox比例风险模型进行数据分析。
本研究纳入1563例T2D患者。微血管并发症的发生率为34.3%（95%置信区间[CI]，32.0 - 36.6）。视网膜病变是最常见的并发症（发生率 = 20.0%；95% CI，18.0 - 22.0%），而肾病是最不常见的并发症（发生率 = 12.2%；95% CI，10.6 - 13.8%）。与同龄人相比，高龄（≥65岁）发生视网膜病变（风险比[HR]，2.86；95% CI，2.56 - 3.21）、神经病变（HR，2.70；95% CI，2.40 - 3.05）和肾病（HR，2.37；95% CI，2.12 - 2.64）的风险最高。在对潜在混杂因素进行校正后，研究发现微血管并发症的显著危险因素为T2D病程较长（≥10年）（HR，5.3；95% CI，5.1 - 5.6）、未控制的高血压（HR，3.9；95% CI，3.3 - 4.2）、血糖控制不佳（HR，4.6；95% CI，4.3 - 5.1）、肥胖（HR，2.3；95% CI，2.2 - 2.6）和血脂异常（HR，1.6；95% CI，1.2 - 2.0）。
鉴于沙特阿拉伯塔布克军事医疗机构中微血管并发症负担沉重，需要制定并实施一项针对当地情况的可及公共卫生项目，该项目应侧重于促进健康的生活方式、体育活动和健康饮食的摄入，以及糖尿病的早期诊断和管理。
