a Vaccine Programs , Institut Pasteur , Paris , France.
b Viral Genomics and Vaccination Unit, UMR-3569 CNRS, Department of Virology , Institut Pasteur , Paris , France.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 Apr;18(4):393-403. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1562908. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
The large global burden of viral infections and especially the rapidly spreading vector-borne diseases and other emerging viral diseases show the need for new approaches in vaccine development. Several new vaccine technology platforms have been developed and are under evaluation. Areas covered: This article discusses the measles vector platform technology derived from the safe and highly efficacious measles virus vaccine. The pipeline of measles-vectored vaccine candidates against viral diseases is reviewed. Particular focus is given to the Chikungunya vaccine candidate as the first measles-vectored vaccine that demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and functionality of the technology in humans even in the presence of pre-existing anti-measles immunity and thus achieved proof of concept for the technology. Expert commentary: Demonstrating no impact of pre-existing anti-measles immunity in humans on the response to the transgene was fundamental for the technology and indicates that the technology is suitable for large-scale immunization in measles pre-immune populations. The proof of concept in humans combined with a large preclinical track record of safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy for a variety of pathogens suggest the measles vector platform as promising plug-and-play vaccine platform technology for rapid development of effective preventive vaccines against viral and other infectious diseases.
病毒性感染的全球性负担巨大,尤其是迅速传播的虫媒病毒病和其他新发病毒性疾病,这表明有必要开发新的疫苗研发方法。已经开发出了几种新的疫苗技术平台,并正在评估中。
本文讨论了源自安全且高效的麻疹病毒疫苗的麻疹载体平台技术。综述了麻疹载体候选疫苗针对病毒性疾病的研发管线。特别关注的是基孔肯雅热疫苗候选物,它是首个在人体中证明了技术的安全性、免疫原性和功能性的麻疹载体疫苗,即使存在预先存在的抗麻疹免疫,也实现了该技术的概念验证。
证明了人类预先存在的抗麻疹免疫对转基因的反应没有影响,这对该技术至关重要,表明该技术适用于麻疹无免疫力人群的大规模免疫接种。在人体中的概念验证,加上针对多种病原体的大量临床前安全性、免疫原性和有效性记录,表明麻疹载体平台是一种有前途的即插即用疫苗平台技术,可用于快速开发针对病毒性和其他传染病的有效预防性疫苗。