孕期使用兴奋剂：孕妇中一种未得到充分认识的流行病。
Stimulant Use in Pregnancy: An Under-recognized Epidemic Among Pregnant Women.
作者信息
Smid Marcela C, Metz Torri D, Gordon Adam J
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine.
Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Knowledge and Advocacy (PARCKA), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine.
出版信息
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Mar;62(1):168-184. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000418.
Abstract
Stimulant use, including cocaine, methamphetamines, ecstasy, and prescription stimulants, in pregnancy is increasingly common. In the United States, stimulants are the second most widely used and abused substances during pregnancy and pregnant women using stimulants in pregnancy are at increased risk of adverse perinatal, neonatal, and childhood outcomes. In this review, we describe the pharmacology, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of stimulants, summarize the maternal and neonatal effects of perinatal stimulant use, and outline treatment options for stimulant use disorders among pregnant women. Development of effective treatment strategies for stimulant use disorders identified among pregnant women are urgently needed.
摘要
孕期使用兴奋剂，包括可卡因、甲基苯丙胺、摇头丸和处方兴奋剂，正变得越来越普遍。在美国，兴奋剂是孕期第二广泛使用和滥用的物质，孕期使用兴奋剂的孕妇出现围产期、新生儿期和儿童期不良后果的风险增加。在本综述中，我们描述了兴奋剂的药理学、病理生理学和流行病学，总结了围产期使用兴奋剂对母体和新生儿的影响，并概述了孕妇兴奋剂使用障碍的治疗选择。迫切需要制定针对孕妇中发现的兴奋剂使用障碍的有效治疗策略。
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