埃塞俄比亚北部特塞莱姆蒂县疟疾流行情况：一项回顾性研究
The Prevalence of Malaria in Tselemti Wereda, North Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study.
作者信息
Shiferaw Meresa, Alemu Megbaru, Tedla Kiros, Tadesse Desalegn, Bayissa Sena, Bugssa Gessessew
机构信息
Maytsebri Health Center, Tigray regional state, North Ethiopia.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University.
出版信息
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2018 Sep;28(5):539-546. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v28i5.4.
BACKGROUND
A significant segment of the world's population is at risk of contracting malaria infection at any one time. In Ethiopia, sustained control efforts have been made in the past decade to fight malaria. Yet, it remains as the major cause of morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic problems in the country. The intensified control of malaria can further be augmented by analyzing health facility based malaria data. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of malaria infection in Northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
A retrospective record review was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia from February-April 2016. All blood film results reported between January 2013 and December 2015 in the seven health centers were extracted and analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 41,773 patients with chief malaria complaint were screened for malaria in the three years period. The overall prevalence of microscopically confirmed malaria was 28.1%. Males (29.5%) were more affected by malaria than females (26.5%). Malaria was also higher in the age group >15 years (32.6%) followed by 5-15 years (29.3%) and under-five children (20.5%). Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections accounted for 58.2%, 35.5% and 6.3%, respectively. The highest prevalence of confirmed malaria cases was observed during spring (35.6%) and summer (25.1%). Higher prevalence of slide positive malaria was recorded in Dima (46.1%), Cherecher (45.3%) and Fyel wuha (35.3%) health centers.
CONCLUSION
Malaria specific outpatient cases were high in the study area. Both plasmodia species were of public health significance in the area with predominance of Plasmodium falciparum.
背景
世界上很大一部分人口在任何时候都有感染疟疾的风险。在埃塞俄比亚，过去十年一直在持续开展防治疟疾的工作。然而，疟疾仍是该国发病、死亡和社会经济问题的主要原因。通过分析基于医疗机构的疟疾数据，可以进一步加强对疟疾的控制。因此，本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚西北部疟疾感染的程度。
方法
2016年2月至4月在埃塞俄比亚西北部进行了一项回顾性记录审查。提取并分析了2013年1月至2015年12月期间七个卫生中心报告的所有血片结果。
结果
在三年期间，共有41773例以疟疾为主诉的患者接受了疟疾筛查。显微镜确诊疟疾的总体患病率为28.1%。男性（29.5%）比女性（26.5%）更容易感染疟疾。15岁以上年龄组的疟疾感染率也较高（32.6%），其次是5至15岁年龄组（29.3%）和五岁以下儿童（20.5%）。恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和混合感染分别占58.2%、35.5%和6.3%。确诊疟疾病例的最高患病率出现在春季（35.6%）和夏季（25.1%）。在迪马（46.1%）、切雷彻（45.3%）和菲耶尔武哈（35.3%）卫生中心记录到较高的血片阳性疟疾患病率。
结论
研究区域内疟疾特异性门诊病例较多。在该地区，两种疟原虫都具有公共卫生意义，其中恶性疟原虫占主导。
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