分析 2010 年至 2017 年埃塞俄比亚南部博罗卡地区疟疾趋势。
Analysis of trends of malaria from 2010 to 2017 in Boricha District, Southern Ethiopia.
机构信息
Yirgalem Hospital Medical College, Yirgalem, Ethiopia.
Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Malar J. 2020 Feb 24;19(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03169-w.
BACKGROUND
Ethiopia has made a significant progress of malaria control. Currently, the country has adopted and is implementing the World Health Organization very ambitious, but achievable, malaria elimination plan through extensive efforts. The regular evaluation of its performance is vital for plausible improvement. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Boricha district, Southern Ethiopia.
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted in all health facilities of the district. All malaria cases registered during 2010 to 2017 were reviewed to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. EpiData 3.1 was used for data entry and data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0.
RESULTS
A total of 135,607 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy and rapid diagnostic test over the last 8 years, of which 29,554 (21.8%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections (both species) accounted for 56.3%, 38.4% and 5.2% of cases, respectively. Except in 2013 and 2014, Plasmodium falciparum was the dominant species over P. vivax. Of the total confirmed cases 51.6% were adults (≥ 15 years) followed by 24.5% of 5-14 years, and 23.9% of under 5 years. In general, malaria morbidity was significantly reduced over the last 8 years. The positivity rate declined from 54.6% to 5% during 2010 to 2017, and the case incidence rate per 1000 population at risk also declined from 18.9 to 2.2 during the same period. Malaria was reported in all months of the year, with peaks in November, followed by September and July. Malaria transmission has strong association with season (x = 303.955, df = 22, p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
In general, a significant reduction of malaria morbidity was observed over the past 8 years. However, further investigation using advanced diagnostic tools is vital to determine the level of sub-microscopic infections to guide the elimination plan. In addition, eco-epidemiological analysis at fine-scale level is essential to devise area-specific interventions.
背景
埃塞俄比亚在疟疾控制方面取得了重大进展。目前，该国通过广泛努力，采用并正在实施世界卫生组织雄心勃勃但可实现的疟疾消除计划。定期评估其绩效对于合理改进至关重要。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚南部博里查地区的疟疾感染趋势。
方法
在该地区的所有卫生机构进行了回顾性研究。对 2010 年至 2017 年期间登记的所有疟疾病例进行了审查，以确定疟疾发病率的趋势。使用 EpiData 3.1 输入数据，使用 SPSS 版本 20.0 分析数据。
结果
在过去的 8 年中，共有 135607 例疟疾疑似病例通过显微镜和快速诊断检测进行了诊断，其中 29554 例（21.8%）为确诊阳性病例。恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和混合感染（两种均有）分别占病例的 56.3%、38.4%和 5.2%。除 2013 年和 2014 年外，恶性疟原虫均为优势物种。在所有确诊病例中，51.6%为成年人（≥15 岁），其次是 24.5%的 5-14 岁儿童，23.9%的 5 岁以下儿童。总的来说，过去 8 年来疟疾发病率显著下降。阳性率从 2010 年的 54.6%下降到 2017 年的 5%，同期每 1000 名风险人群的病例发病率也从 18.9 下降到 2.2。疟疾在一年中的所有月份都有报告，高峰期在 11 月，其次是 9 月和 7 月。疟疾传播与季节有很强的关联（x=303.955，df=22，p<0.0001）。
结论
总的来说，过去 8 年来，疟疾发病率显著下降。然而，为了确定亚微观感染水平以指导消除计划，使用先进的诊断工具进行进一步调查至关重要。此外，在细粒度水平上进行生态流行病学分析对于制定特定区域的干预措施至关重要。
Zotero 插件