Roushangar Zineh Babak, Shabgard Mohammad Reza, Roshangar Leila
Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Iran.
Adv Pharm Bull. 2018 Nov;8(4):643-655. doi: 10.15171/apb.2018.073. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Cartilage shows neither repairs nor regenerative properties after trauma or gradual wear and causes severe pain due to bones rubbing. Bioprinting of tissue-engineered artificial cartilage is one of the most fast-growing sciences in this area that can help millions of people against this disease. Bioprinting of proper bioscaffolds for cartilage repair was the main goal of this study. The bioprinting process was achieved by a novel composition consisting of alginate (AL), Halloysite nanotube (HNT), and methylcellulose (MC) prepared in bio-ink. Also, the effect of Russian olive (RO) in chondrocytes growth on bioscaffolds was also investigated in this work. Compressive, hardness and viscosity tests, Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), water-soluble Tetrazolium (WST) assay, and also transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out. The results show that in constant concentrations of AL, MC, and RO (20 mg/ml AL, 20 mg/ml MC, and 10 mg/ml RO) when concentration of HNT increased from 10 mg/ml (T-7) to 20 mg/ml (T-8) compressive stiffness increased from 241±45 kPa to 500.66±19.50 kPa. Also, 20 mg/ml of AL in composition saved proper water content for chondrocyte growth and produced good viscosity properties for a higher printing resolution. RO increased chondrocytes living cell efficiency by 11% on bioprinted scaffolds in comparison with the control group without RO. Results obtained through in-vivo studies were similar to those of in-vitro studies. According to the results, T-7 bio-ink has good potential in bioprinting of scaffolds in cartilage repairs.
软骨在遭受创伤或逐渐磨损后既不具备修复能力也没有再生特性，并且由于骨头摩擦会引发剧痛。组织工程人工软骨的生物打印是该领域发展最为迅速的科学之一，能够帮助数以百万计的人对抗这种疾病。为软骨修复制备合适的生物支架是本研究的主要目标。生物打印过程通过一种由藻酸盐（AL）、埃洛石纳米管（HNT）和甲基纤维素（MC）组成的新型组合物在生物墨水中实现。此外，本研究还考察了沙棘（RO）对生物支架上软骨细胞生长的影响。进行了压缩、硬度和粘度测试、能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、水溶性四唑盐（WST）测定，以及透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析。结果表明，在AL、MC和RO浓度恒定（20 mg/ml AL、20 mg/ml MC和10 mg/ml RO）的情况下，当HNT浓度从10 mg/ml（T-7）增加到20 mg/ml（T-8）时，压缩刚度从241±45 kPa增加到500.66±19.50 kPa。此外，组合物中20 mg/ml的AL为软骨细胞生长保留了合适的含水量，并产生了良好的粘度特性以实现更高的打印分辨率。与不含RO的对照组相比，RO使生物打印支架上的软骨细胞活细胞效率提高了11%。体内研究获得的结果与体外研究结果相似。根据结果，T-7生物墨水在软骨修复生物支架的生物打印方面具有良好的潜力。
