Zineh Babak Roushangar, Roshangar Leila, Meshgi Shahla, Shabgard Mohammadreza
Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Med Biol Eng Comput. 2022 Nov;60(11):3069-3080. doi: 10.1007/s11517-022-02654-5. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
One of the newest advances in 3D printing is the printing process of bio-scaffolds. The 3D printing of true materials for cartilage repairs accelerates cell growth and proliferation. In this study, a novel biomaterial was developed for the 3D printing of cartilage scaffolds composed of alginate, thymoquinone and halloysite nanotube. Calcium chloride was used as a cross-linker to form hydrogels. Experimental and numerical studies such as scanning electron microscopy, experimental tensile tests, and compression tests, chondrocyte cell seed, and MTT assay were also done. According to the results, alginate and halloysite nanotube increased the printing quality and mechanical performance of biomaterials. Tensile strength in bio-ink with the 30 mg/ml of alginate, 40 mg/ml of halloysite nanotube with 5% of thymoquinone increased up to 372 ± 42 kPa, while compressive stress reached 894 ± 39 kPa. Numerical results indicated that tensile and compressive properties of the scaffold structure depend on the space between printed rows. The best structure was obtained when the distance of rows was chosen at 0.4 mm, and the nozzle diameter was 0.3 mm. Finally, the biomaterial with the 30 mg/ml of alginate, 40 mg/ml of halloysite nanotube with 5% of thymoquinone showed a high mechanical and biological performance, compared to pure alginate bio-scaffolds. Biomaterials included alginic acid sodium salt/thymoquinone/halloysite nanotube mixed and 3D printed in high technology bioprinter, then mechanical and biological properties of printed bio-scaffolds obtained by different experimental tests.
3D打印领域最新的进展之一是生物支架的打印工艺。用于软骨修复的真实材料的3D打印可加速细胞生长和增殖。在本研究中，开发了一种新型生物材料用于3D打印由藻酸盐、百里醌和埃洛石纳米管组成的软骨支架。氯化钙用作交联剂以形成水凝胶。还进行了扫描电子显微镜、实验拉伸试验、压缩试验、软骨细胞接种和MTT测定等实验和数值研究。根据结果，藻酸盐和埃洛石纳米管提高了生物材料的打印质量和机械性能。含有30mg/ml藻酸盐、40mg/ml埃洛石纳米管和5%百里醌的生物墨水的拉伸强度提高到372±42kPa，而压缩应力达到894±39kPa。数值结果表明，支架结构的拉伸和压缩性能取决于打印行之间的间距。当行间距选择为0.4mm且喷嘴直径为0.3mm时可获得最佳结构。最后，与纯藻酸盐生物支架相比，含有30mg/ml藻酸盐、40mg/ml埃洛石纳米管和5%百里醌的生物材料表现出较高的机械和生物学性能。生物材料包括藻酸钠盐/百里醌/埃洛石纳米管混合物，并在高科技生物打印机中进行3D打印，然后通过不同的实验测试获得打印生物支架的机械和生物学性能。
