Mizuno Koji, Yoshida Ryoichi, Nakajima Yutaka, Tanaka Yoshihiko, Ishigaki Ryota, Hosokawa Naruyuki, Tanaka Yoshinori, Hitosugi Masahito
Nagoya University.
Autoliv Japan.
Stapp Car Crash J. 2018 Nov;62:67-91. doi: 10.4271/2018-22-0002.
Chest injuries occur frequently in frontal collisions. During impact, tension in the lap belt is transferred to the inboard shoulder belt, which compresses the lower ribs of the occupant. In this research, inboard shoulder belt and lap belt geometries and forces were investigated to reduce chest deflection. First, the inboard shoulder belt geometry was changed by the lap/shoulder belt (L/S) junction for the rear seat occupant in sled tests using Hybrid III finite element simulation, sled tests and THOR simulation. As the L/S junction was closer to the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine), chest deflection of the Hybrid III was smaller. The L/S junction around the ilium has the potential to reduce chest deflection without significant increase of head excursion. For THOR, although the chest deflection reduction effect due to closer L/S junction to the ASIS was observed, chest deflection was still substantially large since the lap belt overrode the ASIS. Second, measures to hook the ASIS of the THOR by the lap belt were examined. Sled tests at 30 and 50 km/h were conducted with THOR in the rear seat, and it was demonstrated that the outboard lap belt and buckle pretensioners improved the lap belt and ASIS interaction, and were also useful in reducing the deflection at the inboard-side of the lower chest. Finally, the lap belt overlap with the ASIS was compared among 10 volunteers, Hybrid III, and THOR. Some volunteers had the ASIS located at the torso-thigh junction, and the lap belt did not overlap the ASIS sufficiently. However, although the ASIS location of THOR is also at the torso-thigh junction, the lap belt overlapped the ASIS because of the abdomen's and femur's shape. In the future, it will be necessary to consider that the outboard lap belt and buckle pretensioners are also effective for the ASIS restraint of all human car occupants.
胸部损伤在正面碰撞中经常发生。在碰撞过程中，腰部安全带的张力会传递到内侧肩部安全带，从而挤压驾乘人员的下肋骨。在本研究中，对内侧肩部安全带和腰部安全带的几何形状及受力情况进行了研究，以减少胸部变形。首先，在雪橇试验中，通过使用Hybrid III有限元模拟、雪橇试验和THOR模拟，针对后排座椅驾乘人员，通过腰部/肩部安全带（L/S）连接处改变内侧肩部安全带的几何形状。随着L/S连接处越靠近前上棘（ASIS），Hybrid III的胸部变形越小。髂骨周围的L/S连接处有潜力在不显著增加头部偏移的情况下减少胸部变形。对于THOR，虽然观察到L/S连接处越靠近ASIS会有胸部变形减小的效果，但由于腰部安全带越过了ASIS区域，胸部变形仍然相当大。其次，研究了通过腰部安全带钩住THOR的ASIS的措施。使用后排座椅上的THOR进行了30公里/小时和5０公里/小时的雪橇试验，结果表明外侧腰部安全带和带扣预紧器改善了腰部安全带与ASIS的相互作用，并且在减少下胸部内侧的变形方面也很有用。最后，比较了10名志愿者、Hybrid III和THOR的腰部安全带与ASIS的重叠情况。一些志愿者的ASIS位于躯干与大腿的连接处，腰部安全带与ASIS的重叠不足。然而，虽然THOR的ASIS位置也在躯干与大腿的连接处，但由于腹部和股骨的形状，腰部安全带与ASIS重叠。未来，有必要考虑外侧腰部安全带和带扣预紧器对所有汽车驾乘人员的ASIS约束也有效。
