Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8026, Japan.
Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 24;10(1):3316. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60222-z.
Traffic injury trends have changed with safety developments. To establish effective preventive measures against traffic fatalities, the factors influencing fatalities must be understood. The present study evaluated data from a national medical database to determine the changes in these factors over time, as this has not been previously investigated. This observational study retrospectively analysed data from the Japanese Trauma Data Bank. Vehicle passengers involved in collisions from 2004-2008 and 2016-2017 were included. Data were compared between the two study periods, and between fatal and non-fatal patients within each period. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors influencing fatalities. In 2016-2017, patients were older and had lower fatality rates. In 2004-2008, fatalities were more likely to involve older male front-seat passengers with low d-BP, BT, and GCS values, and high AIS of the neck and abdomen. However, in 2016-2017, fatalities were more likely to involve older males with low GCS, high AIS of the abdomen, and positive focused assessment with sonography for trauma results. Our study identified independent factors influencing vehicle passenger fatalities, which will likely continue to evolve with the aging of the population and changing manners of injury.
交通伤害趋势随着安全状况的发展而变化。为了制定有效的预防交通伤亡措施，必须了解影响伤亡的因素。本研究利用国家医疗数据库中的数据评估了这些因素随时间的变化，因为之前尚未对此进行过调查。本观察性研究回顾性分析了日本创伤数据库中的数据。纳入了 2004-2008 年和 2016-2017 年期间因碰撞导致的车辆乘客数据。比较了两个研究期间的数据，并比较了每个期间内的致命和非致命患者的数据。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以确定影响致命性的因素。在 2016-2017 年，患者年龄更大，死亡率更低。在 2004-2008 年，致命伤更可能涉及年龄较大的男性前排乘客，他们的舒张压、体温和格拉斯哥昏迷量表值较低，颈部和腹部的 AIS 值较高。然而，在 2016-2017 年，致命伤更可能涉及年龄较大的男性，他们的格拉斯哥昏迷量表值较低，腹部的 AIS 值较高，以及创伤超声重点评估阳性结果。我们的研究确定了影响车辆乘客致命性的独立因素，这些因素可能会随着人口老龄化和受伤方式的变化而继续演变。
