The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
J Ovarian Res. 2019 Jan 4;12(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13048-018-0475-z.
Ovarian cancer remains the most fatal gynecologic malignancy worldwide due to delayed diagnosis as well as recurrence and drug resistance. Thus, the development of new tumor-related molecules with high sensitivity and specificity to replace or supplement existing tools is urgently needed. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are exclusively expressed in normal testis tissues but abundantly found in several types of cancers, including ovarian cancer. Numerous novel CTAs have been identified by high-throughput sequencing techniques, and some aberrantly expressed CTAs are associated with ovarian cancer initiation, clinical outcomes and chemotherapy resistance. More importantly, CTAs are immunogenic and may be novel targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. In this review, we attempt to characterize the expression of candidate CTAs in ovarian cancer and their clinical significance as biomarkers, activation mechanisms, function in malignant phenotypes and applications in immunotherapy.
卵巢癌仍是全球致死率最高的妇科恶性肿瘤，这主要与诊断延误以及复发和耐药有关。因此，迫切需要开发新的、具有高灵敏度和特异性的肿瘤相关分子，以替代或补充现有工具。癌-睾丸抗原（CTA）仅在正常睾丸组织中表达，但在包括卵巢癌在内的多种癌症中大量存在。高通量测序技术已经鉴定出许多新的 CTA，一些异常表达的 CTA 与卵巢癌的发生、临床结局和化疗耐药有关。更重要的是，CTA 具有免疫原性，可能成为卵巢癌抗原特异性免疫治疗的新靶点。在这篇综述中，我们试图描述候选 CTA 在卵巢癌中的表达及其作为生物标志物的临床意义，包括激活机制、在恶性表型中的功能以及在免疫治疗中的应用。
