South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 22, Sepodangmeori-gil, Hwayang-myeon, Yeosu, 59780, Republic of Korea.
Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Feb;26(6):5601-5612. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3995-6. Epub 2019 Jan 5.
Fecal source tracking of the Bong stream, a representative inland pollutant around the drainage basin of Gangjin Bay (an area where shellfish are grown for export), was performed three times in four confluence areas with 13 sampling sites by analyzing fecal coliform concentrations and two types of bacterial community structures. Identification of the origin of major fecal pollution in the area that inflowed simultaneously via several branch streams was difficult using fecal source tracking based on fecal coliform concentration. Bacterial community analyses using high-throughput sequencing showed that the dominant groups in the entire bacterial community at the class level were Beta-, Gamma-, and Alpha-proteobacteria; Flavobacteriia; and Bacteroidia, and the most abundant groups in the Bacteroidales-specific community at the genus level were Prevotella and Bacteroides. Hierarchical clustering and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity analysis for fecal source tracking indicated that the Bacteroidales-specific community was superior in water environments compared with analysis of the entire bacterial community. Conversely, when the degree of fecal pollution in the sample was low, fecal source tracking based on the entire bacterial community was more reliable. These results suggest that fecal source tracking based on bacterial communities is a useful tool for identifying the origin of fecal pollution in a large stream and implementing systematic guidelines for the establishment of an effective management plan to reduce fecal pollution sources.
对光阳湾流域（贝类出口养殖区）周边 Bong 溪流等内陆代表性污染区域，在其四条汇流区域的 13 个采样点，以分析粪大肠菌群浓度和两种细菌群落结构的方式，进行了 3 次粪便污染源追踪。基于粪大肠菌群浓度的粪便污染源追踪很难确定同时通过几条支流流入的区域的主要粪便污染源的来源。使用高通量测序进行的细菌群落分析表明，在整个细菌群落的属水平上，优势类群为β-变形菌纲、γ-变形菌纲和α-变形菌纲；黄杆菌门；拟杆菌门，而在拟杆菌门特定群落中最丰富的属是普雷沃氏菌属和拟杆菌属。用于粪便污染源追踪的层次聚类和 Bray-Curtis 不相似性分析表明，与整个细菌群落分析相比，拟杆菌门特定群落更适用于水环境。相反，当样本中的粪便污染程度较低时，基于整个细菌群落的粪便污染源追踪更可靠。这些结果表明，基于细菌群落的粪便污染源追踪是确定大型溪流粪便污染来源的有效工具，并为制定系统的管理计划以减少粪便污染源提供了依据。
