Clark G G, Calisher C H, Crabbs C L, Canestorp K M, Tesh R B, Bowen R A, Taylor D E
Department of Arboviral Entomology, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21701.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 Dec;39(6):586-92. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1988.39.586.
Two virus isolates, 1 each from Aedes campestris and Psorophora signipennis mosquitoes collected in south central New Mexico in August 1985, were shown by neutralization tests to be identical to each other, but not to any of more than 250 arthropod-borne and other viruses. Electron microscopy of 1 isolate (85-488NM, chosen as the prototype) indicated that this strain shares morphologic characteristics with viruses of the family Rhabdoviridae. Indirect fluorescent antibody tests indicated that this virus is a member of the genus Vesiculovirus, but is not closely related to any of the North American or other rhabdoviruses with which it was tested, including vesicular stomatitis (Indiana) and vesicular stomatitis (New Jersey) viruses. The name Malpais Spring virus is proposed for this newly recognized vesiculovirus. A serologic survey indicated that Malpais Spring virus infects indigenous (mule deer and pronghorn) and exotic (gemsbok) ungulates at and near the sites where the mosquitoes from which the virus strains were isolated were collected. Antibody prevalence in wild animals indicates that the pronghorn and gemsbok may play roles as hosts for Malpais Spring, epizootic hemorrhagic disease (New Jersey), and bluetongue viruses in this area.
1985年8月在新墨西哥州中南部采集的1株来自坎佩斯特里斯伊蚊（Aedes campestris）和1株来自带纹脉毛蚊（Psorophora signipennis）的病毒分离株，经中和试验表明，它们彼此相同，但与250多种节肢动物传播病毒及其他病毒均不同。对其中1株分离株（85 - 488NM，选为原型株）进行电子显微镜观察，结果表明该毒株与弹状病毒科病毒具有形态学特征。间接荧光抗体试验表明，该病毒属于水疱病毒属，但与所检测的任何北美或其他弹状病毒，包括水疱性口炎（印第安纳型）病毒和水疱性口炎（新泽西型）病毒均无密切关系。为此新发现的水疱病毒提议命名为马尔佩斯泉病毒（Malpais Spring virus）。血清学调查表明，马尔佩斯泉病毒在分离出该病毒株的蚊虫采集地及附近感染本地有蹄类动物（骡鹿和叉角羚）和外来有蹄类动物（南非大羚羊）。野生动物中的抗体流行情况表明，叉角羚和南非大羚羊可能是该地区马尔佩斯泉病毒、流行性出血病（新泽西型）病毒和蓝舌病毒的宿主。
