Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Mar;111:791-801. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.151. Epub 2019 Jan 4.
Lycopene is an aliphatic hydrocarbon carotenoid extracted from plants like tomatoes, papayas, and watermelons. Previous studies have shown that lycopene can exert prophylactic and/or therapeutic effects in different disorders, such as heart failure and neoplasm via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative activities. In the central nervous system (CNS), lycopene also has prophylactic and/or therapeutic effects in different type of disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), cerebral ischemia, epilepsy, and depression. Lycopene also improves cognition and memory ability of rodents in different pathological conditions, such as diabetes, colchicine exposure, high-fat diet (HFD), and aging. Further, lycopene can prevent neuro-toxicities induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG), trimethyltin (TMT), methylmercury (MeHg), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), and cadmium (Cd). In some special conditions such as ethanol addiction and haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia, lycopene administration displays special therapeutic effects. Mechanisms including inhibition of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, and restoration of mitochondrial function have been shown to mediate the neuroprotective effects of lycopene. Other mechanisms, such as inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, and restoration of intracellular Ca homeostasis, may be also involved in the neuroprotective effect of lycopene. In hope of get a clear impression about the role of lycopene in the CNS, we summarize and discuss the pharmacological effects of lycopene as well as its possible mechanisms in CNS disorder prevention and/or therapy.
番茄红素是一种从番茄、木瓜和西瓜等植物中提取的脂溶性类胡萝卜素。先前的研究表明，番茄红素通过抗氧化、抗炎和抗增殖作用，在心力衰竭和肿瘤等不同疾病中具有预防和/或治疗作用。在中枢神经系统（CNS）中，番茄红素在阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、亨廷顿病（HD）、脑缺血、癫痫和抑郁等不同类型的疾病中也具有预防和/或治疗作用。番茄红素还改善了不同病理条件下啮齿动物的认知和记忆能力，如糖尿病、秋水仙碱暴露、高脂肪饮食（HFD）和衰老。此外，番茄红素可以预防谷氨酸单钠（MSG）、三甲基锡（TMT）、甲基汞（MeHg）、叔丁基过氧化物（t-BHP）和镉（Cd）引起的神经毒性。在一些特殊情况下，如乙醇成瘾和氟哌啶醇诱导的口面部运动障碍，番茄红素的给药显示出特殊的治疗效果。抑制氧化应激和神经炎症、抑制神经元凋亡和恢复线粒体功能等机制被证明介导了番茄红素的神经保护作用。其他机制，如抑制核因子-κB（NF-κB）和 c-Jun N-末端激酶（JNK）、激活核因子红细胞 2 相关因子（Nrf2）和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）信号以及恢复细胞内 Ca 稳态，也可能参与番茄红素的神经保护作用。为了更清楚地了解番茄红素在中枢神经系统中的作用，我们总结和讨论了番茄红素在中枢神经系统疾病预防和/或治疗中的药理学作用及其可能的机制。
