Ashley Kristin D, Lee Loretta T, Heaton Karen
1 Tuskegee University.
2 The University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Workplace Health Saf. 2019 Feb;67(2):87-94. doi: 10.1177/2165079918812483. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
Despite improvements in the treatment of stroke, many individuals still face cognitive, emotional, and physical impairments. Stroke is a leading cause of serious long-term disability and subsequent failure to return to work (RTW). The purpose of this literature review was to synthesize and discuss the literature relevant to factors affecting RTW for stroke survivors, summarize the identified gaps, and discuss steps occupational health nurses can take to facilitate RTW among stroke survivors. A literature search was conducted using the keywords: "stroke," "cerebrovascular disease," "return to work," and "employment." After excluding articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, 19 quantitative research articles were reviewed. Consistent themes found in the literature affecting RTW following stroke included physical, social, and cognitive factors. One of the most consistent predictors of RTW found was stroke severity. Individuals who experienced a mild to moderate stroke, those of Caucasian ethnicity, and higher socioeconomic levels were more likely to RTW. Findings suggest the importance of future studies to examine factors among African American stroke survivors that predict RTW and the role of occupational health nurses.
尽管中风治疗有所改善，但许多患者仍面临认知、情感和身体方面的障碍。中风是导致严重长期残疾以及随后无法重返工作岗位（RTW）的主要原因。本综述的目的是综合并讨论与影响中风幸存者重返工作岗位的因素相关的文献，总结已发现的差距，并探讨职业健康护士为促进中风幸存者重返工作岗位可采取的措施。使用关键词“中风”“脑血管疾病”“重返工作岗位”和“就业”进行了文献检索。根据纳入/排除标准排除文章后，对19篇定量研究文章进行了综述。文献中发现影响中风后重返工作岗位的一致主题包括身体、社会和认知因素。已发现的最一致的重返工作岗位预测因素之一是中风严重程度。经历轻度至中度中风的个体、白种人以及社会经济水平较高者更有可能重返工作岗位。研究结果表明未来研究考察非裔美国中风幸存者中预测重返工作岗位的因素以及职业健康护士的作用具有重要意义。
