Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
The No. 8 People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2019 Mar;17(3):131-139. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0134-9.
Zika virus (ZIKV) was once considered an obscure member of the large and diverse family of mosquito-borne flaviviruses, and human infections with ZIKV were thought to be sporadic, with mild and self-limiting symptoms. The large-scale ZIKV epidemics in the Americas and the unexpected uncovering of a link to congenital birth defects escalated ZIKV infections to the status of a global public health emergency. Recent studies that combined reverse genetics with modelling in multiple systems have provided evidence that ZIKV has acquired additional amino acid substitutions at the same time as congenital Zika syndrome and other birth defects were detected. In this Progress article, we summarize the evolution of ZIKV during its spread from Asia to the Americas and discuss potential links to pathogenesis.
Zika 病毒（ZIKV）曾被认为是蚊媒黄病毒大家族中一个不起眼的成员，人类感染 ZIKV 呈散发状态，症状轻微且具有自限性。美洲大规模的 ZIKV 疫情以及对其与先天性出生缺陷之间存在关联的意外发现，将 ZIKV 感染提升至全球公共卫生紧急事件的地位。最近的一些研究，通过在多个系统中结合反向遗传学和建模，提供了证据表明，在检测到先天性 Zika 综合征和其他出生缺陷的同时，ZIKV 获得了额外的氨基酸替换。在这篇进展文章中，我们总结了 ZIKV 在从亚洲传播到美洲的过程中的进化，并讨论了其与发病机制之间的潜在联系。
