Goto Ryoji, Tanigawa Takeshi, Maruyama Koutatsu, Tomooka Kiyohide, Eguchi Eri, Osawa Haruhiko, Saito Isao
Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
J Hum Hypertens. 2020 Apr;34(4):271-277. doi: 10.1038/s41371-018-0148-9. Epub 2019 Jan 8.
To date, there are few studies in Asian populations on the association between snoring (a major clinical symptom of sleep apnea) and hypertension. This study aims to examine whether snoring frequency is associated with blood pressure and hypertension in the general Japanese population, after adjustment for major confounding factors. A cross-sectional study of 2021 middle-aged Japanese men and women enrolled in the Toon Health Study between 2009-2012 was conducted. Snoring frequency was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire, and was classified into four categories: never, ≤2 times/week, ≥3 times/week, and unknown. Multivariable regression coefficients for each snoring category were calculated for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and their odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for hypertension were calculated after adjusting for major confounding factors. The same analyses were also conducted after stratification by several major confounding factors. Multivariable-adjusted means of systolic and diastolic blood pressure among individuals who snored ≥3 times/week were 4.57 mmHg and 2.58 mmHg higher, respectively, than in individuals who never snored (p < 0.05). The multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) for hypertension in the group that snored ≥3 times/week was 1.79 (1.29-2.48), compared with the group that never snored. We also found a significant positive association between snoring frequency and hypertension not only in normal and overweight individuals, but also in lean individuals (body mass index ≤22.8 kg/m). Higher snoring frequency was associated with higher blood pressure and hypertension among both lean and non-lean Japanese.
迄今为止，亚洲人群中关于打鼾（睡眠呼吸暂停的主要临床症状）与高血压之间关联的研究较少。本研究旨在探讨在调整主要混杂因素后，日本普通人群的打鼾频率是否与血压及高血压相关。对2009年至2012年参加富山健康研究的2021名日本中年男性和女性进行了横断面研究。打鼾频率通过自我报告问卷进行评估，并分为四类：从不打鼾、每周≤2次、每周≥3次以及情况不明。计算了每个打鼾类别与收缩压和舒张压的多变量回归系数，并在调整主要混杂因素后计算了其高血压的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。还按几个主要混杂因素进行分层后进行了同样的分析。每周打鼾≥3次的个体的收缩压和舒张压的多变量调整均值分别比从不打鼾的个体高4.57 mmHg和2.58 mmHg（p < 0.05）。与从不打鼾的组相比，每周打鼾≥3次的组高血压的多变量调整OR（95%CI）为1.79（1.29 - 2.48）。我们还发现，不仅在正常体重和超重个体中，而且在瘦个体（体重指数≤22.8 kg/m²）中，打鼾频率与高血压之间也存在显著的正相关。在瘦和非瘦的日本人中，较高的打鼾频率都与较高的血压和高血压相关。
