Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Division of Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Gerodontology. 2019 Jun;36(2):125-133. doi: 10.1111/ger.12388. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of various oral hygiene tools amongst hospitalised elders and to associate their cognitive status with the prevalence of tools and oral hygiene status.
Elderly hospitalised participants were included in the study and underwent a brief clinical intra-oral examination. A semi-structured questionnaire evaluated the awareness and personal possession of the various oral hygiene tools. Participants' personal information and various clinical parameters including DMF (T) index, plaque index, CPITN index, denture plaque and calculus index were collected. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were retrieved from the medical records. Linear regression models were applied for statistical analyses (P < 0.05).
A total of 100 hospitalised elders (age = 84.5 ± 6.9 years; ♀ = 72, age = 84.9 ± 7.2 years; ♂ = 28, age = 83.3 ± 5.8 years) participated in this study. Awareness was high for manual toothbrush (100%), electric toothbrush (86%), dental floss (79%), interdental brush (44%), interdental stick (55%) and mouthwash (75%), but was low for tongue scraper (9%), while the prevalence of use was 93%, 17%, 27%, 21%, 29%, 39% and 4%, respectively. Linear regression models revealed plaque scores were lower when more hygiene tools were used by the participants (P = 0.0059). Participants with high MMSE scores had lower plaque scores (P = 0.0004) and possessed more oral hygiene tools (P = 0.0203).
Poor oral hygiene is often noticed in institutionalised elders and might be related to a lack of knowledge about existing oral hygiene tools. These may help optimising oral hygiene, especially in cognitively impaired elders. Oral hygiene tools should be prescribed according to the patient's need, functional and cognitive status.
本研究旨在评估住院老年人中各种口腔卫生工具的使用情况，并将其认知状态与工具的使用情况和口腔卫生状况联系起来。
将住院的老年人纳入研究，并进行了简短的临床口腔检查。半结构问卷评估了各种口腔卫生工具的认知和个人拥有情况。收集了参与者的个人信息和各种临床参数，包括 DMF（T）指数、菌斑指数、CPITN 指数、义齿菌斑和牙石指数。从病历中检索出简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评分。应用线性回归模型进行统计分析（P<0.05）。
共有 100 名住院老年人（年龄=84.5±6.9 岁；女性=72，年龄=84.9±7.2 岁；男性=28，年龄=83.3±5.8 岁）参与了这项研究。对手动牙刷（100%）、电动牙刷（86%）、牙线（79%）、牙间刷（44%）、牙间棒（55%）和漱口水（75%）的认知度较高，但对舌刮板（9%）的认知度较低，而使用率分别为 93%、17%、27%、21%、29%、39%和 4%。线性回归模型显示，参与者使用的口腔卫生工具越多，菌斑评分越低（P=0.0059）。MMSE 评分高的参与者菌斑评分较低（P=0.0004），且拥有更多的口腔卫生工具（P=0.0203）。
机构老年人中经常发现口腔卫生较差的情况，这可能与缺乏对现有口腔卫生工具的了解有关。这可能有助于优化口腔卫生，特别是在认知受损的老年人中。应根据患者的需求、功能和认知状态来开具口腔卫生工具的处方。
