Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Material Science, Centre for Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 28;20(5):4275. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054275.
To investigate the effectiveness of individual oral health care training (IndOHCT) on dental plaque removal and denture cleaning in hospitalized geriatric inpatients.
The literature reveals neglect of hygiene and oral care in people aged over 65 years, especially in persons in need of care. Hospitalized geriatric inpatients have poorer dental health than those non-hospitalized. Furthermore, the existing literature reporting on oral healthcare training interventions for hospitalized geriatric inpatients is scarce.
This pre-post-controlled intervention study dichotomized 90 hospitalized geriatric inpatients into an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG). Inpatients in the IG received IndOHCT. Oral hygiene was assessed using the Turesky modified Quigley-Hein index (TmQHI) and the denture hygiene index (DHI), at baseline (T0), at a second examination (T1a), and after supervised autonomous tooth brushing and denture cleaning (T1b). The influence of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Barthel Index (BI) scores on oral hygiene was examined.
There was no significant plaque reduction on teeth or dentures between T0 and T1a in either group. Between T1a and T1b, plaque reduction on the teeth was more effective in the IG than in the CG ( < 0.001). Inpatients with 1-9 remaining teeth removed significantly more dental plaque than inpatients with 10 or more remaining teeth. Inpatients with lower MMSE scores ( = 0.021) and higher age ( = 0.044) reached higher plaque reduction on dentures.
IndOHCT improved oral and denture hygiene in geriatric inpatients by enabling them to clean their teeth and dentures more effectively.
调查个体口腔保健培训（IndOHCT）对住院老年患者牙菌斑清除和义齿清洁的效果。
文献显示，65 岁以上人群，尤其是需要护理的人群，口腔卫生和口腔保健意识较差。与非住院老年患者相比，住院老年患者口腔健康状况更差。此外，关于针对住院老年患者的口腔保健培训干预的现有文献报道较少。
本项前后对照干预研究将 90 名住院老年患者分为干预组（IG）和对照组（CG）。IG 组接受 IndOHCT。在基线（T0）、第二次检查（T1a）以及经过监督的自主刷牙和义齿清洁后（T1b），使用改良的 Turesky 改良 Quigley-Hein 指数（TmQHI）和义齿卫生指数（DHI）评估口腔卫生。检查 Mini 精神状态检查（MMSE）、老年抑郁量表（GDS）和巴氏指数（BI）评分对口腔卫生的影响。
两组患者在 T0 和 T1a 之间，牙齿或义齿上的牙菌斑均无明显减少。在 T1a 和 T1b 之间，IG 组牙齿上的牙菌斑减少效果明显优于 CG 组（<0.001）。与 10 颗或更多剩余牙齿的患者相比，剩余 1-9 颗牙齿的患者清除的牙菌斑明显更多。MMSE 评分较低（=0.021）和年龄较高（=0.044）的患者在义齿上的牙菌斑减少效果更好。
IndOHCT 通过使老年患者能够更有效地清洁牙齿和义齿，改善了老年住院患者的口腔和义齿卫生。
