Kato Yoshiko, Urbán Róbert, Saito Seiichi, Yoshida Keigo, Kurokawa Michinori, Rigó Adrien
Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Nada Tsurukabuto 3-11, 6578501, Kobe, Japan.
Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella u. 46, H-1064, Budapest, Hungary.
Heliyon. 2019 Jan 4;5(1):e01092. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01092. eCollection 2019 Jan.
This study aimed to assess the factor structure and validity of the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) in Japanese samples. A sample of 348 Japanese university students (196 men, 152 women) and 170 adults from the community (50 men, 120 women) completed a questionnaire including the CSM, the Diurnal Type Scale (DTS) and questions regarding sleeping and waking times. Four measurement models were compared, and a two-factor measurement model with Morningness/Time of day preference (α = 0.78) and Morning Affect/Alertness (α = 0.80) factors yielded the closest fit. Both Morningness/Time of day preference and Morning Affect/Alertness were positively correlated with DTS score. Morningness/Ttime of day preference was negatively correlated with the midpoint of sleep on weekdays and free days. The measurement model was invariant across the university and community groups. The community group, which was older, was characterized by greater morningness. The results provide evidence of the validity of the Japanese CSM, thus opening up the possibility of including Japanese samples in cross-cultural research on morningness.
本研究旨在评估日本样本中晨型综合量表（CSM）的因子结构和效度。348名日本大学生（196名男性，152名女性）和170名社区成年人（50名男性，120名女性）完成了一份问卷，其中包括CSM、昼夜类型量表（DTS）以及有关睡眠和起床时间的问题。比较了四种测量模型，一个具有晨型/一天中时间偏好（α = 0.78）和晨型情绪/警觉性（α = 0.80）因子的双因子测量模型拟合度最佳。晨型/一天中时间偏好和晨型情绪/警觉性均与DTS得分呈正相关。晨型/一天中时间偏好与工作日和休息日的睡眠中点呈负相关。测量模型在大学生组和社区组中具有不变性。年龄较大的社区组表现出更强的晨型特征。研究结果为日本版CSM的效度提供了证据，从而为将日本样本纳入晨型的跨文化研究创造了可能性。
