Haraszti Réka Ágnes, Purebl Gyorgy, Salavecz Gyongyver, Poole Lydia, Dockray Samantha, Steptoe Andrew
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary .
Chronobiol Int. 2014 Aug;31(7):829-37. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2014.911188. Epub 2014 Apr 28.
Sleep and health are closely interrelated and sleep quality is a well-known contributor to perceived health. However, effects of sleep-timing preference i.e. morningness-eveningness on health has yet to be revealed. In this study, we explored the relationship between morningness-eveningness and perceived health in a sample of female working professionals (N = 202). Sleep-timing preference was measured using the Composite Scale of Morningness. Perceived health was characterized by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, WHO Well-Being Scale-5 and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 scores. We also investigated possible mechanisms, including stress and health-impairing behaviours. In accordance with previous data, we found more depressive mood, lower well-being and poorer perceived health among evening types. To assess health-impairing behaviours we collected data on smoking habits, alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet. Among the possible mechanism variables, greater stress, less frequent physical activity and less healthy diet were associated with eveningness. Furthermore, stress diminished the strength of the association between morningness-eveningness and depressed mood. Physical activity attenuated the strength of the association between morningness-eveningness and well-being. No effects of alcohol consumption could be identified. Our data show that evening preference behaves as a health risk in terms of associating with poor perceived health. Our findings also suggest that this effect might be mediated by health behaviours and stress.
睡眠与健康密切相关，睡眠质量是公认的影响健康认知的因素。然而，睡眠时间偏好（即晨型-夜型）对健康的影响尚未明确。在本研究中，我们在一个职业女性样本（N = 202）中探究了晨型-夜型与健康认知之间的关系。使用晨型综合量表测量睡眠时间偏好。通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表、世界卫生组织幸福量表-5和患者健康问卷-15得分来表征健康认知。我们还研究了可能的机制，包括压力和损害健康的行为。与之前的数据一致，我们发现夜型的人抑郁情绪更严重、幸福感更低且健康认知更差。为了评估损害健康的行为，我们收集了吸烟习惯、饮酒、体育活动和饮食方面的数据。在可能的机制变量中，更大的压力、体育活动频率较低和饮食不健康与夜型有关。此外，压力削弱了晨型-夜型与抑郁情绪之间的关联强度。体育活动减弱了晨型-夜型与幸福感之间的关联强度。未发现饮酒有任何影响。我们的数据表明，夜型偏好与健康认知差相关，表现为一种健康风险。我们的研究结果还表明，这种影响可能由健康行为和压力介导。
