Chukwu S C, Rafii M Y, Ramlee S I, Ismail S I, Hasan M M, Oladosu Y A, Magaji U G, Akos Ibrahim, Olalekan K K
Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Mol Biol Rep. 2019 Feb;46(1):1519-1532. doi: 10.1007/s11033-019-04584-2. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
Breeding for disease resistant varieties remains very effective and economical in controlling the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice. Breeders have played a major role in developing resistant rice varieties against the BLB infection which has been adjudged to be a major disease causing significant yield reduction in rice. It would be difficult to select rice crops with multiple genes of resistance using the conventional approach alone. This is due to masking effect of genes including epistasis. In addition, conventional breeding takes a lot of time before a gene of interest can be introgressed. Linkage drag is also a major challenge in conventional approach. Molecular breeding involving markers has facilitated the characterization and introgression of BLB disease resistance genes. Biotechnology has brought another innovation in form of genetic engineering (transgenesis) of rice. Although, molecular breeding cannot be taken as a substitute for conventional breeding, molecular approach for combating BLB disease in rice is worthwhile given the demand for increased production of rice in a fast growing population of our society. This present article highlights the recent progress from conventional to molecular approach in breeding for BLB disease resistant rice varieties.
培育抗病品种在控制水稻白叶枯病方面仍然非常有效且经济。育种者在培育抗白叶枯病感染的水稻品种方面发挥了重要作用，白叶枯病已被判定为导致水稻大幅减产的主要病害。仅使用传统方法很难筛选出具有多个抗性基因的水稻作物。这是由于包括上位性在内的基因的掩盖效应。此外，传统育种在感兴趣的基因能够渗入之前需要很长时间。连锁累赘也是传统方法中的一个主要挑战。涉及标记的分子育种促进了白叶枯病抗性基因的鉴定和渗入。生物技术以水稻基因工程（转基因）的形式带来了另一项创新。虽然，分子育种不能替代传统育种，但鉴于我们社会快速增长的人口对水稻产量增加的需求，对抗水稻白叶枯病的分子方法是值得的。本文重点介绍了在培育抗白叶枯病水稻品种方面从传统方法到分子方法的最新进展。
