Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Institute of Biomedical Industry, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2019 Mar;73(3):132-139. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12818. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha activity during resting state reflects the 'readiness' of an individual to respond to the environment; this includes the performance of cognitive processes. Alpha activity is reported to be attenuated in schizophrenia (SCZ). Understanding the interaction between alpha activity during rest and when cognitively engaged may provide insights into the neural circuitry, which is dysfunctional in SCZ. This study investigated the changes of alpha activity between resting state and cognitive engagement in SCZ patients.
Thirty-four SCZ patients and 29 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. EEG was performed in the resting state and during an auditory P300 task. All experimental procedures followed the relevant institutional guidelines and regulations.
In SCZ, high-frequency alpha activity was reduced in the resting state. High-frequency alpha source density was decreased in both the resting-state and a P300 task condition in patients, compared to HC. HC, but not SCZ patients, showed a reduction in high-frequency alpha source density during the P300 task compared to the resting state. The negative correlation between high-frequency alpha source density in the resting state and positive symptoms was significant.
High-frequency alpha activity in SCZ patients and its unsuccessful reduction during cognitive processing may be biological markers of SCZ.
静息状态下的脑电图（EEG）α活动反映了个体对环境做出反应的“准备状态”；这包括认知过程的表现。据报道，精神分裂症（SCZ）患者的α活动减弱。了解静息状态和认知参与期间α活动之间的相互作用，可以深入了解神经回路，该回路在 SCZ 中功能失调。本研究调查了 SCZ 患者在静息状态和认知参与期间α活动的变化。
招募了 34 名 SCZ 患者和 29 名健康对照者（HC）。在静息状态和听觉 P300 任务期间进行 EEG 记录。所有实验程序均遵循相关机构的指导方针和规定。
在 SCZ 中，静息状态下高频α活动减少。与 HC 相比，患者在静息状态和 P300 任务条件下高频α源密度均降低。与静息状态相比，HC 在 P300 任务期间高频α源密度降低，但 SCZ 患者没有。静息状态下高频α源密度与阳性症状之间呈显著负相关。
SCZ 患者的高频α活动及其在认知处理过程中无法降低，可能是 SCZ 的生物学标志物。
