Yu Fei, Yu You-Lai, Niu Su-Ping, Zhang Pei-Xun, Yin Xiao-Feng, Han Na, Zhang Ya-Jun, Zhang Dian-Ying, Kou Yu-Hui, Jiang Bao-Guo
Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
Neural Regen Res. 2019 Apr;14(4):692-698. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.247473.
Multiple regeneration of axonal buds has been shown to exist during the repair of peripheral nerve injury, which confirms a certain repair potential of the injured peripheral nerve. Therefore, a systematic nerve transposition repair technique has been proposed to treat severe peripheral nerve injury. During nerve transposition repair, the regenerated nerve fibers of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord can effectively grow into the repaired distal nerve and target muscle tissues, which is conducive to the recovery of motor function. The aim of this study was to explore regeneration and nerve functional recovery after repairing a long-segment peripheral nerve defect by transposition of different donor nerves. A long-segment (2 mm) ulnar nerve defect in Sprague-Dawley rats was repaired by transposition of the musculocutaneous nerve, medial pectoral nerve, muscular branches of the radial nerve and anterior interosseous nerve (pronator quadratus muscle branch). In situ repair of the ulnar nerve was considered as a control. Three months later, wrist flexion function, nerve regeneration and innervation muscle recovery in rats were assessed using neuroelectrophysiological testing, osmic acid staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining, respectively. Our findings indicate that repair of a long-segment ulnar nerve defect with different donor nerve transpositions can reinnervate axonal function of motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord and restore the function of affected limbs to a certain extent.
研究表明，在周围神经损伤修复过程中存在轴突芽的多次再生，这证实了受损周围神经具有一定的修复潜力。因此，人们提出了一种系统性的神经转位修复技术来治疗严重的周围神经损伤。在神经转位修复过程中，脊髓前角运动神经元再生的神经纤维能够有效地长入修复后的远端神经和目标肌肉组织，这有利于运动功能的恢复。本研究的目的是探讨通过不同供体神经转位修复长节段周围神经缺损后的再生及神经功能恢复情况。采用肌皮神经、胸内侧神经、桡神经肌支和骨间前神经（旋前方肌肌支）转位修复Sprague-Dawley大鼠2毫米长节段尺神经缺损，以尺神经原位修复作为对照。三个月后，分别采用神经电生理检测、锇酸染色和苏木精-伊红染色评估大鼠的腕关节屈曲功能、神经再生和支配肌肉恢复情况。我们的研究结果表明，采用不同供体神经转位修复长节段尺神经缺损能够使脊髓前角运动神经元的轴突功能重新获得神经支配，并在一定程度上恢复患肢功能。
