Erin Shigekawa (
Margaret Fix is a research associate at the Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2018 Dec;37(12):1975-1982. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05132.
Policy makers and practitioners show a continued interest in telehealth's potential to increase efficiency and reach patients facing access barriers. However, telehealth encompasses many applications for varied conditions and populations. It is therefore difficult to draw broad conclusions about telehealth's efficacy. This rapid review examines recent evidence both about telehealth's efficacy by clinical area and about telehealth's impact on utilization. We searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the use of telehealth services by patients of any age for any condition published in English in the period January 2004-May 2018. Twenty systematic reviews and associated meta-analyses are included in this review, covering clinical areas such as mental health and rehabilitation. Broadly, telehealth interventions appear generally equivalent to in-person care. However, telehealth's impact on the use of other services is unclear. Many factors should be carefully considered when weighing the evidence of telehealth's efficacy, including modality, evidence quality, population demographics, and point-in-time measurement of outcomes.
政策制定者和从业者对远程医疗提高效率和覆盖面临就诊障碍的患者的潜力持续关注。然而，远程医疗包含了许多适用于不同病症和人群的应用。因此，很难对远程医疗的疗效得出广泛的结论。本快速综述检查了近期关于远程医疗在各个临床领域的疗效以及远程医疗对利用率影响的证据。我们搜索了 2004 年 1 月至 2018 年 5 月期间以任何年龄的任何病症患者为对象、以英文发表的关于远程医疗服务使用情况的系统评价和荟萃分析。本综述纳入了 20 项系统评价及其相关的荟萃分析，涵盖了心理健康和康复等临床领域。总体而言，远程医疗干预措施与面对面护理大致相当。然而，远程医疗对其他服务使用的影响尚不清楚。在权衡远程医疗疗效的证据时，应仔细考虑许多因素，包括模式、证据质量、人群人口统计学特征以及结果的即时测量。
