Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, United States; Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, United States.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, United States.
Appetite. 2019 Apr 1;135:100-107. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.006. Epub 2019 Jan 8.
The present study examined whether different sleep health parameters (duration, timing, and quality) are associated with obesity-related eating behaviors including emotional overeating, food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness, and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH), during toddlerhood.
Among 134 low-income 33-month-old children, parents reported on child sleep parameters, including sleep quality (Children's Sleep Wake Scale; CSWS) and usual bedtimes and wake times on weekdays and weekends (weeknight sleep duration, weekday-to-weekend bedtime delay). Child eating behaviors were assessed using both observed and parent-report measures. Child Emotional Overeating, Food Responsiveness, Enjoyment of Food, and Satiety Responsiveness were measured by parent report using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Toddler. Observed child EAH was evaluated by measuring kilocalories of palatable foods consumed following a meal. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the associations between sleep parameters and eating behaviors.
Poorer child sleep quality was associated with greater Emotional Overeating (standardized β = -0.20 (SE 0.09), p < .05) and greater Food Responsiveness (β = -0.18 (SE 0.09), p < .05). Shorter child nighttime sleep duration was associated with greater EAH kcal consumed (standardized β = -0.22 (SE 0.09), p < .05). Child bedtime delay was not associated with any of the eating behaviors, and no child sleep variables were associated with either Enjoyment of Food or Satiety Responsiveness.
Shorter nocturnal sleep duration and poorer sleep quality during toddlerhood were associated with some, but not all, of the obesity-related eating behaviors. Poor sleep health may promote childhood obesity risk through different eating behavior pathways. As children growing up in poverty may experience greater sleep decrements, sleep duration and sleep quality may be important targets for intervention among low-income families with young children.
本研究旨在探讨不同的睡眠健康参数（时长、时间和质量）与肥胖相关的进食行为（包括情绪性暴食、食物反应性、对食物的享受、饱腹感反应和不饥饿进食）在幼儿期是否有关联。
在 134 名低收入的 33 个月大的儿童中，父母报告了儿童的睡眠参数，包括睡眠质量（儿童睡眠觉醒量表；CSWS）和工作日及周末的通常就寝时间和醒来时间（工作日夜间睡眠时间、工作日到周末的就寝时间延迟）。使用观察法和父母报告法评估儿童的进食行为。通过使用儿童饮食行为问卷-幼儿版（Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Toddler），父母报告了儿童的情绪性暴食、食物反应性、对食物的享受和饱腹感反应。通过测量用餐后摄入的可口食物的卡路里数，观察到儿童的不饥饿进食行为。使用多变量线性回归来研究睡眠参数与进食行为之间的关联。
较差的儿童睡眠质量与更高的情绪性暴食（标准化β= -0.20（SE 0.09），p<0.05）和更高的食物反应性（β= -0.18（SE 0.09），p<0.05）相关。儿童夜间睡眠时间较短与摄入更多的不饥饿进食卡路里有关（标准化β= -0.22（SE 0.09），p<0.05）。儿童的就寝时间延迟与任何进食行为均无关，且儿童的睡眠变量均与对食物的享受或饱腹感反应无关。
幼儿期夜间睡眠时间较短和睡眠质量较差与一些肥胖相关的进食行为有关，但不是全部。较差的睡眠健康可能通过不同的进食行为途径促进儿童肥胖的风险。由于成长于贫困环境中的儿童可能会经历更大的睡眠不足，因此对于有年幼子女的低收入家庭，睡眠时长和睡眠质量可能是干预的重要目标。
