Hager Erin R, Calamaro Christina J, Bentley Lauren M, Hurley Kristen M, Wang Yan, Black Maureen M
1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD.
2 Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE.
Child Obes. 2016 Oct;12(5):392-400. doi: 10.1089/chi.2015.0252. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
Shortened sleep duration is associated with poor health and obesity among young children. Little is known about relationships among nighttime sleep duration, sleep behaviors, and obesogenic behaviors/obesity among toddlers. This study characterizes sleep behaviors/duration and examines relationships with obesogenic behaviors/obesity among toddlers from low-income families.
Mothers of toddlers (age 12-32 months) were recruited from urban/suburban sites serving low-income families. Mothers provided demographic information and completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ); a 6-item Toddler Sleep Behavior Scale was derived (TSBS-BISQ, higher score reflects more recommended behaviors). Toddler weight/length were measured; obesity defined as ≥95th percentile weight-for-length. Measures of obesogenic behaviors: physical activity [accelerometry, minutes/day in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA)] and diet quality [24-hour recall, Healthy Eating Index 2005 (HEI-2005)]. Bivariate and adjusted multivariable models examined associations between nighttime sleep behaviors/duration and obesogenic behaviors/obesity.
Sample included 240 toddlers (mean age = 20.2 months), 55% male, 69% black, 59% urban. Toddlers spent 55.4 minutes/day in MVPA, mean HEI-2005 score was 55.4, 13% were obese. Mean sleep duration was 9.1 hours, with 35% endorsing 5-6 recommended sleep behaviors (TSBS-BISQ). In multivariable models, MVPA was positively related to sleep duration; obese toddlers had a shorter nighttime sleep duration than healthy weight toddlers [odds ratio = 0.69, p = 0.014]. Nighttime sleep duration was associated with high TSBS-BISQ scores, F = 6.1, p = 0.003.
Toddlers with a shorter nighttime sleep duration are at higher risk for obesity and inactivity. Interventions to promote healthy sleep behaviors among toddlers from low-income families may improve nighttime sleep duration and reduce obesogenic behaviors/obesity.
睡眠时间缩短与幼儿健康状况不佳和肥胖有关。关于幼儿夜间睡眠时间、睡眠行为与致肥胖行为/肥胖之间的关系，人们了解甚少。本研究描述了睡眠行为/时长，并探讨了低收入家庭幼儿的睡眠行为/时长与致肥胖行为/肥胖之间的关系。
从为低收入家庭服务的城市/郊区场所招募幼儿（12 - 32个月龄）的母亲。母亲们提供人口统计学信息并完成简短婴儿睡眠问卷（BISQ）；由此得出一个包含6个条目的幼儿睡眠行为量表（TSBS - BISQ，得分越高反映出越多推荐行为）。测量幼儿的体重/身长；肥胖定义为体重身长比≥第95百分位数。致肥胖行为的测量指标：身体活动[加速度计测量，中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的每日分钟数]和饮食质量[24小时回顾法，2005年健康饮食指数（HEI - 2005）]。双变量和校正多变量模型检验夜间睡眠行为/时长与致肥胖行为/肥胖之间的关联。
样本包括240名幼儿（平均年龄 = 20.2个月），55%为男性，69%为黑人，59%居住在城市。幼儿每日进行MVPA的时间为55.4分钟，HEI - 2005平均得分为55.4，13%的幼儿肥胖。平均睡眠时间为9.1小时，35%的幼儿认可5 - 6种推荐的睡眠行为（TSBS - BISQ）。在多变量模型中，MVPA与睡眠时间呈正相关；肥胖幼儿的夜间睡眠时间比健康体重幼儿短[比值比 = 0.69，p = 0.014]。夜间睡眠时间与TSBS - BISQ高分相关，F = 6.1，p = 0.003。
夜间睡眠时间较短的幼儿肥胖和缺乏身体活动的风险更高。针对低收入家庭幼儿促进健康睡眠行为的干预措施可能会改善夜间睡眠时间，并减少致肥胖行为/肥胖。
