Biotechnology Department, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, Sao Paulo 2415, Brazil.
Department of Food Science, Food Engineering Faculty, University of Campinas, Av. Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas 13083862, Brazil.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Jan 10;11(1):31. doi: 10.3390/toxins11010031.
species threaten yield and quality of cereals worldwide due to their ability to produce mycotoxins and cause plant diseases. Trichothecenes and zearalenone are the most economically significant mycotoxins and are of particular concern in barley, maize and wheat. For this reason, the aim of this study was to characterize the isolates from brewing barley and to assess deoxynivalenol and zearalenone contamination in grains. Characterization of the strains was carried out by the phylogeny based on two loci (EF-1α and RPB2). Mycotoxin detection and quantification were performed by LC-MS. The results show that was the predominant genus. Phylogenetic study demonstrated that the majority of the strains clustered within the species complex followed by the species complex. The results revealed high incidence of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) contamination (90.6% and 87.5%, respectively). It was observed that 86% of the samples contaminated with ZEA were above the limits set by the EU and Brazilian regulations. These results may highlight the importance of controlling toxins in barley, mainly because of its use in the brewing industry and the resistance of various mycotoxins to food processing treatments.
真菌由于能够产生霉菌毒素和引起植物病害，从而威胁到全世界谷物的产量和质量。单端孢霉烯族化合物和玉米赤霉烯酮是最具经济意义的霉菌毒素，在大麦、玉米和小麦中尤为令人关注。出于这个原因，本研究的目的是对来自酿造用大麦的 进行特征描述，并评估谷物中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮的污染情况。通过基于两个基因座（EF-1α 和 RPB2）的系统发育对 菌株进行特征描述。通过 LC-MS 进行霉菌毒素检测和定量。结果表明， 是主要的属。系统发育研究表明，大多数菌株聚集在 种复合体中，其次是 种复合体。结果表明，脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）污染的发生率很高（分别为 90.6%和 87.5%）。观察到，86%的受 ZEA 污染的样品超过了欧盟和巴西法规规定的限量。这些结果可能突出了控制大麦中 毒素的重要性，主要是因为它用于酿造行业，以及各种霉菌毒素对食品加工处理的抗性。
