UMR 152 PharmaDev, Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Univ, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jan 10;20(2):254. doi: 10.3390/ijms20020254.
To date, a number of mannose-binding lectins have been isolated and characterized from plants and fungi. These proteins are composed of different structural scaffold structures which harbor a single or multiple carbohydrate-binding sites involved in the specific recognition of mannose-containing glycans. Generally, the mannose-binding site consists of a small, central, carbohydrate-binding pocket responsible for the "broad sugar-binding specificity" toward a single mannose molecule, surrounded by a more extended binding area responsible for the specific recognition of larger mannose-containing -glycan chains. Accordingly, the mannose-binding specificity of the so-called mannose-binding lectins towards complex mannose-containing -glycans depends largely on the topography of their mannose-binding site(s). This structure⁻function relationship introduces a high degree of specificity in the apparently homogeneous group of mannose-binding lectins, with respect to the specific recognition of high-mannose and complex -glycans. Because of the high specificity towards mannose these lectins are valuable tools for deciphering and characterizing the complex mannose-containing glycans that decorate both normal and transformed cells, e.g., the altered high-mannose -glycans that often occur at the surface of various cancer cells.
迄今为止，已经从植物和真菌中分离和鉴定了许多甘露糖结合凝集素。这些蛋白质由不同的结构支架结构组成，其中含有一个或多个参与识别含甘露糖糖缀合物的碳水化合物结合位点。一般来说，甘露糖结合位点由一个小的、中央的碳水化合物结合口袋组成，负责对单个甘露糖分子的“广泛糖结合特异性”，周围是一个更扩展的结合区域，负责对更大的含甘露糖的糖链的特异性识别。因此，所谓的甘露糖结合凝集素对复杂含甘露糖糖的甘露糖结合特异性在很大程度上取决于其甘露糖结合位点的拓扑结构。这种结构-功能关系在显然是同质的甘露糖结合凝集素群体中引入了高度的特异性，就高甘露糖和复杂糖的特异性识别而言。由于对甘露糖具有高度特异性，这些凝集素是破译和表征正常和转化细胞上所修饰的复杂含甘露糖糖的有价值的工具，例如，各种癌细胞表面经常出现的改变的高甘露糖糖。
