Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2019 Jan 11;20(2):3. doi: 10.1007/s11864-019-0601-1.
Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death and a malignancy with rising incidence. After sorafenib remaining the one and only FDA-approved therapy for the disease for many years, the past 2 years has seen the landscape of available treatments change dramatically. Multiple multi-targeted tyrosine kinases (TKIs) have demonstrated success and garnered FDA approval both in the first- (lenvatinib) and second-line (regorafenib) settings. Now, various questions regarding the sequencing of these therapies remain for investigation. Effective positioning of these TKIs will be crucial to optimization of outcomes for patients with HCC. Additionally, promising outcomes have been seen with a number of immunotherapies, and one such agent has been approved (nivolumab). Positioning of these immunotherapies in the landscape may or may not have impacts upon sequencing of all of the available therapies. Further studies are ongoing investigating such sequencing questions, in addition to more novel agents to combat this devastating disease.
在全球范围内，肝细胞癌（HCC）是癌症相关死亡的主要原因，也是发病率不断上升的恶性肿瘤。在索拉非尼（sorafenib）成为该疾病多年来唯一获得 FDA 批准的治疗药物之后，过去的 2 年里，可用治疗方法的格局发生了巨大变化。多种多靶点酪氨酸激酶（TKI）在一线（仑伐替尼 lenvatinib）和二线（regorafenib）治疗中均取得了成功并获得了 FDA 批准。现在，对于这些疗法的排序，仍然存在许多需要研究的问题。这些 TKI 的有效定位对于优化 HCC 患者的治疗结果至关重要。此外，许多免疫疗法也取得了令人鼓舞的结果，其中一种药物已获得批准（nivolumab）。这些免疫疗法在治疗中的定位可能会或可能不会影响所有可用疗法的排序。此外，正在进行进一步的研究来调查这些排序问题，以及更多用于对抗这种毁灭性疾病的新型药物。
