1 Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
2 School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
J Biomater Appl. 2019 Mar;33(8):1105-1117. doi: 10.1177/0885328218823329. Epub 2019 Jan 12.
Hydrogels have been widely used as extracellular matrix materials in various three-dimensional bioprinting applications. However, they possess limitations such as insufficient mechanical integrity and strength, especially in the vascular applications requiring suture retention and tolerance of systemic intraluminal pressure. Interpenetrating network hydrogels are unique mixtures of two separate hydrogels with enhanced properties. This paper has demonstrated the fabrication of three-dimensional cellular constructs based on gelatin methacrylate-alginate interpenetrating network hydrogels using a microgel-assisted bioprinting method. Filament formation was investigated in terms of the filament diameter under different nozzle speed and dispensing pressure, and a phase diagram to identify the optimal conditions for continuous and uniform filaments was prepared. Three-dimensional hollow cellular constructs were fabricated and the cell viability was 75% after 24-hour incubation. The post-printing properties were characterized including mechanical properties, degradation and swelling properties, and pore size. The interpenetrating network hydrogels with different concentrations were compared with their individual components. It is found that the interpenetrating network hydrogels exhibit stronger mechanical properties, faster degradation and larger pore sizes than their individual components.
水凝胶已广泛用作各种三维生物打印应用中的细胞外基质材料。然而，它们存在一些局限性，例如机械完整性和强度不足，特别是在需要缝合保留和耐受全身管腔内压力的血管应用中。互穿网络水凝胶是两种单独水凝胶的独特混合物，具有增强的性能。本文使用微凝胶辅助生物打印方法展示了基于明胶甲基丙烯酸盐-藻酸盐互穿网络水凝胶的三维细胞构建体的制造。研究了在不同喷嘴速度和分配压力下的细丝直径的细丝形成，并制备了相图以确定连续和均匀细丝的最佳条件。制造了三维中空细胞构建体，并且在孵育 24 小时后细胞活力为 75％。对打印后的特性进行了表征，包括机械性能、降解和溶胀特性以及孔径。比较了不同浓度的互穿网络水凝胶与其各个组成部分。结果发现，互穿网络水凝胶比其各个组成部分具有更强的机械性能、更快的降解速度和更大的孔径。
