Isenor Jennifer E, Slayter Kathryn L, Halperin Donna M, Mcneil Shelly A, Bowles Susan K
College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University. Halifax (Canada).
Faculty of Medicine, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University. Halifax (Canada).
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2018 Oct-Dec;16(4):1310. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2018.04.1310. Epub 2018 Dec 20.
The expansion of pharmacist scope of practice to include provision of immunizations has occurred or is being considered in various countries. There are limited data evaluating the experiences of Canadian pharmacists in their role as immunizers.
To describe the experiences of pharmacists in the Canadian province of New Brunswick as immunizers, including vaccines administered and perceived barriers and facilitators to providing immunizations.
An anonymous, self-administered, web-based questionnaire was offered via email by the New Brunswick Pharmacists' Association to all its members. The survey tool was adapted, with permission, from a tool previously used by the American Pharmacists Association and validated using content validity and test-retest reproducibility. Pharmacist reported immunization activities and perceived facilitators and barriers to providing immunization services were assessed.
Responses from 168 (response rate of 26%) were evaluable. Approximately 90% of respondents worked in community practice full time, 65% were female and 44% were practicing for 20 or more years. Greater than 75% reported administering: hepatitis A and B, influenza, and zoster vaccines. The majority of respondents felt fully accepted (agreed or strongly agreed) as immunization providers by patients, local physicians, and the provincial health department (97%, 70%, and 78%, respectively). Most commonly reported barriers were: lack of a universally funded influenza immunization program, insufficient staffing and space, and concerns around reimbursement for services.
Pharmacists in New Brunswick, Canada are actively participating in the provision of a variety of immunizations and felt fully supported by patients and other healthcare providers. Barriers identified may provide insight to other jurisdictions considering expanding the role of pharmacists as immunizers.
在各个国家，药剂师的执业范围已经扩大到包括提供免疫接种服务，或者正在考虑这样做。评估加拿大药剂师作为免疫接种者角色的经验的数据有限。
描述加拿大新不伦瑞克省药剂师作为免疫接种者的经验，包括所接种的疫苗以及提供免疫接种服务时所感知到的障碍和促进因素。
新不伦瑞克药剂师协会通过电子邮件向其所有成员提供了一份基于网络的匿名自填式问卷。经许可，该调查工具改编自美国药剂师协会先前使用的工具，并通过内容效度和重测信度进行了验证。评估了药剂师报告的免疫接种活动以及提供免疫接种服务时所感知到的促进因素和障碍。
168份回复（回复率为26%）可用于评估。大约90%的受访者全职从事社区工作，65%为女性，44%从业20年或更长时间。超过75%的受访者报告接种过甲型和乙型肝炎、流感和带状疱疹疫苗。大多数受访者认为患者、当地医生和省级卫生部门完全接受（同意或强烈同意）他们作为免疫接种提供者（分别为97%、70%和78%）。最常报告的障碍是：缺乏普遍资助的流感免疫接种计划、人员配备和空间不足以及对服务报销的担忧。
加拿大新不伦瑞克省的药剂师正在积极参与提供各种免疫接种服务，并感到得到了患者和其他医疗服务提供者的充分支持。所确定的障碍可能为其他考虑扩大药剂师作为免疫接种者角色的司法管辖区提供参考。
