双酚 A、S、F 和 Z 对胚胎-幼鱼斑马鱼甲状腺激素干扰潜力的比较。
Comparison of thyroid hormone disruption potentials by bisphenols A, S, F, and Z in embryo-larval zebrafish.
机构信息
School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea.
School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; CRI Global Institute of Toxicology, Croen Research Inc., Suwon, 16614, South Korea.
出版信息
Chemosphere. 2019 Apr;221:115-123. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.019. Epub 2019 Jan 4.
Several structural analogues of bisphenol A (BPA), e.g., bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol Z (BPZ), have been used as its substitutes in many applications and consequently detected in the environment, and human specimen such as urine and serum. While BPA has been frequently reported for thyroid hormone disruption in both experimental and epidemiological studies, less is known for the BPA analogues. In the present study, thyroid hormone disrupting effects of BPF, BPS and BPZ, were investigated, and compared with those of BPA, using embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). At 120 hpf, significant increases in T3 and/or T4 were observed in the larval fish following exposure to BPA, BPF, or BPS. Moreover, transcriptional changes of the genes related to thyroid development (hhex and tg), thyroid hormone transport (ttr) and metabolism (ugt1ab) were observed as well. Thyroid hormone (T4) disruption by BPF was observed even at the concentration (2.0 mg/L) lower than the effective concentration determined for BPA (>2.0 mg/L). Delayed hatching was observed by all tested bisphenols. Our results clearly show that these BPA analogues can disrupt thyroid function of the larval fish, and their thyroid hormone disruption potencies could be even greater than that of BPA. The concentrations which disrupt thyroid function of the larval fish were orders of magnitude higher than those occurring in the ambient environment. However, thyroid hormone disruption by longer term exposure and its consequences in the fish population, deserve further investigation.
双酚 A（BPA）的几种结构类似物，如双酚 F（BPF）、双酚 S（BPS）和双酚 Z（BPZ），已被广泛应用于替代 BPA，并在环境和人体样本（如尿液和血清）中被检测到。尽管 BPA 在实验和流行病学研究中经常被报道会破坏甲状腺激素，但对 BPA 类似物的了解较少。在本研究中，使用胚胎-幼鱼斑马鱼（Danio rerio）研究了 BPF、BPS 和 BPZ 的甲状腺激素干扰作用，并与 BPA 进行了比较。在 120 hpf 时，暴露于 BPA、BPF 或 BPS 的幼鱼 T3 和/或 T4 水平显著升高。此外，还观察到与甲状腺发育（hhex 和 tg）、甲状腺激素转运（ttr）和代谢（ugt1ab）相关的基因转录变化。甚至在低于 BPA 有效浓度（>2.0 mg/L）的浓度（2.0 mg/L）下，BPF 也观察到甲状腺激素（T4）破坏。所有测试的双酚类化合物都观察到孵化延迟。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，这些 BPA 类似物可以破坏幼鱼的甲状腺功能，其甲状腺激素破坏能力甚至可能大于 BPA。破坏幼鱼甲状腺功能的浓度比环境中发生的浓度高几个数量级。然而，鱼类种群中甲状腺激素破坏的长期暴露及其后果值得进一步研究。
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