a Dermatology Department , University Hospital "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , México.
b Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2019 Mar;28(3):275-284. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1568989. Epub 2019 Jan 22.
Alopecia is a very common complaint in medical practice, which usually has a large psychological impact in patients. Treatment of alopecia is often difficult and frustrating for patients and clinicians owing to the slow growth rate of the hair, long treatment terms, limited efficacy, and possible adverse side effects.
This paper reviews the new and emerging treatments for two of the most common forms of alopecia, known as androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata. A literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE and ClinicalTrial.gov was performed to gather information about active research on new treatments for alopecias. Websites of companies sponsoring clinical trials were also searched for interim result data.
Many new therapies in two of the most common forms of hair loss have been developed and are currently being studied with encouraging results. In alopecia areata, JAK inhibitors are promising. The discovery of JAK inhibitors has prompted the research and identification of new molecules. In androgenetic alopecia, we are still looking for a topical treatment that is superior to topical minoxidil. However, stem-cell research is advancing and the goal to create new follicles or refresh dormant follicles may be realized in the near future.
脱发是医学实践中非常常见的问题，通常会对患者造成较大的心理影响。由于毛发生长缓慢、治疗周期长、疗效有限以及可能出现不良反应，脱发的治疗常常让患者和临床医生感到困难和沮丧。
本文综述了两种最常见脱发类型——雄激素性脱发和斑秃的新型和新兴治疗方法。通过对 PubMed/MEDLINE 和 ClinicalTrials.gov 的文献检索，收集了有关脱发新疗法的研究信息。还搜索了赞助临床试验的公司网站，以获取中期结果数据。
两种最常见脱发类型的许多新疗法已经开发出来，并正在进行研究，结果令人鼓舞。在斑秃中，JAK 抑制剂很有前景。JAK 抑制剂的发现促使人们研究和鉴定新的分子。在雄激素性脱发中，我们仍在寻找优于米诺地尔的局部治疗方法。然而，干细胞研究正在推进，在不久的将来，创造新毛囊或唤醒休眠毛囊的目标可能会实现。
