Porous Se@SiO nanospheres attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and inflammation by antioxidative stress.

OBJECTIVES

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing global health concern, and is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity in intensive care units. Se is a trace element with antioxidant properties. This study aimed to determine whether porous Se@SiO nanospheres could relieve oxidative stress and inflammation in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI.

METHODS

Male 6- to 8-week-old C57bl/6 mice were divided into four groups: sham + saline, sham + Se@SiO, I/R + saline, and I/R + Se@SiO. Mice in the I/R groups experienced 30 minutes of bilateral renal I/R to induce an AKI. Porous Se@SiO nanospheres (1 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected into mice in the I/R + Se@SiO group 2 hours before I/R, and the same dose was injected every 12 hours thereafter. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was used to mimic I/R in vitro. PBS was used as a control treatment. Human kidney 2 cells were seeded into 12-well plates (5×10 cells/well) and divided into four groups: control + PBS group, control + Se@SiO group, H/R + PBS group, and H/R + Se@SiO group (n=3 wells). We then determined the expression levels of ROS, glutathione, inflammatory cytokines and proteins, fibrosis proteins, and carried out histological analysis upon kidney tissues.

RESULTS

In vitro, intervention with porous Se@SiO nanospheres significantly reduced levels of ROS (<0.05), inflammatory cytokines (<0.05), and inflammation-associated proteins (<0.05). In vivo, tubular damage, cell apoptosis, and interstitial inflammation during AKI were reduced significantly following treatment with porous Se@SiO nanospheres. Moreover, the occurrence of fibrosis and tubular atrophy after AKI was attenuated by porous Se@SiO nanospheres.

CONCLUSION

Porous Se@SiO nanospheres exhibited a protective effect in I/R-induced AKI by resisting oxidative stress and inflammation. This suggests that porous Se@SiO nanospheres may represent a new therapeutic method for AKI.