Akal Chalachew Genet, Afework Dessie Tegegne
MSc in Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
MSc in Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
J Environ Public Health. 2018 Dec 12;2018:5127090. doi: 10.1155/2018/5127090. eCollection 2018.
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the predominant way for children to acquire human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide including Ethiopia. Thus, objective of this study was to determine the status of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services utilization and factors affecting PMTCT utilization in health facilities of Afar region, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to April 2015 taking 347 pregnant women and 22 health care providers. Data were collected using a questioner prepared separately for pregnant women and health care providers involved in PMTCT service delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS considering value <0.05 statistical significant. The study indicated that the PMTCT service utilization was 67.7%. The study also showed that there is statistically significant association in using PMTCT service with women education level, monthly income, and residence around PMTCT site. Though not statistically significant, excess waiting time, limited physical access to PMTCT sites, and transportation problem were identified as barriers for PMTCT service utilization by pregnant women. Though knowledge of mothers on MTCT of HIV and PMTCT service utilization in agropostural community of Afar region was promising, there were also different barriers identified hindering PMTCT utilization. Thus, we recommend "Wored" and zonal health office to create awareness on significance of PMTCT service in the community, enhance accessibility of PMTCT sites, provide up-to-date trainings for health care providers, and ensure constant supply for PMTCT service.
母婴传播（MTCT）是包括埃塞俄比亚在内的全球儿童感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的主要途径。因此，本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚阿法尔地区医疗机构中预防母婴传播（PMTCT）服务的利用状况以及影响PMTCT利用的因素。2014年12月至2015年4月进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了347名孕妇和22名医疗服务提供者。使用分别为参与PMTCT服务提供的孕妇和医疗服务提供者准备的问卷收集数据。使用SPSS进行数据分析，将P值<0.05视为具有统计学显著性。研究表明，PMTCT服务利用率为67.7%。该研究还表明，使用PMTCT服务与女性教育水平、月收入以及PMTCT站点周边的居住情况之间存在统计学显著关联。虽然无统计学显著性，但过长的等待时间、前往PMTCT站点的实际不便以及交通问题被确定为孕妇利用PMTCT服务的障碍。尽管阿法尔地区农业社区的母亲们对HIV母婴传播和PMTCT服务利用的认知情况良好，但也发现了阻碍PMTCT利用的不同障碍。因此，我们建议“沃雷德”和地区卫生局在社区提高对PMTCT服务重要性的认识，提高PMTCT站点的可达性，为医疗服务提供者提供最新培训，并确保PMTCT服务的持续供应。
