Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 17;14(1):e0210881. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210881. eCollection 2019.
Proper ankle motor control is critical for balance in the human body during functional activities such as standing, walking, and running. Different exercise modalities are often performed during the same training session where earlier activities may influence later ones. The purpose of the current study was to determine the acute effects of different exercise modalities on ankle force sense. Seventeen subjects performed four different intervention protocols (static stretching, balance task, concentric contractions, and control) in random order. Each session comprised measurements before and after the intervention protocol of the force sense of the ankle plantar flexors (PF) and dorsal flexors (DF) at 10% and 30% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC). Absolute errors (AE) were calculated separately for each force level and muscle group. An overall PF error (PF-SUM = PF at 10%MVC + PF at 30%MVC), DF error (DF-SUM = DF at 10%MVC + DF at 30%MVC) and ankle error (PF-DF-SUM = PF-SUM + DF-SUM) were also calculated. The main effect of time generally revealed that ankle force sense was significantly reduced after static stretching (PF-DF-SUM: Pre: 6.11±2.17 Nm, Post: 8.03±3.28 Nm; p < 0.05), but no significant differences were observed for the concentric contractions (PF-DF-SUM: Pre: 6.01±1.97 Nm, Post: 6.50±2.28 Nm) and the balance task (PF-DF-SUM: Pre: 5.25±1.97 Nm, Post: 5.50±1.26 Nm). The only significant interaction was observed for the PF-DF-SUM (F = 4.48, p = 0.008) due to greater error scores after stretching (+31.4%) compared to the concentric (+8.2%), balance (+4.8%), and control (-3.5%) conditions. Based on these results, static stretching should not be performed before activities that require a high ankle force sense such as balance, coordination, and precision tasks.
在人体进行站立、行走和跑步等功能活动时，适当的踝关节运动控制至关重要。在同一训练课程中，通常会进行不同的运动方式，早期的活动可能会影响后期的活动。本研究的目的是确定不同运动方式对踝关节力量感知的急性影响。17 名受试者以随机顺序进行四种不同的干预方案（静态拉伸、平衡任务、向心收缩和对照）。每次训练都包括在干预方案前后，对踝关节跖屈肌（PF）和背屈肌（DF）在 10%和 30%最大自主等长收缩（MVC）时的力量感知进行测量。分别为每个力量水平和肌肉群计算绝对误差（AE）。还计算了总体 PF 误差（PF-SUM=PF 在 10%MVC+PF 在 30%MVC）、DF 误差（DF-SUM=DF 在 10%MVC+DF 在 30%MVC）和踝关节误差（PF-DF-SUM=PF-SUM+DF-SUM）。时间的主要影响通常表明，在静态拉伸后，踝关节力量感知明显降低（PF-DF-SUM：预：6.11±2.17 Nm，后：8.03±3.28 Nm；p<0.05），但向心收缩（PF-DF-SUM：预：6.01±1.97 Nm，后：6.50±2.28 Nm）和平衡任务（PF-DF-SUM：预：5.25±1.97 Nm，后：5.50±1.26 Nm）之间没有观察到显著差异。仅观察到 PF-DF-SUM 的显著交互作用（F=4.48，p=0.008），这是由于拉伸后的错误分数增加（+31.4%），而向心收缩（+8.2%）、平衡（+4.8%）和对照（-3.5%）条件。基于这些结果，在进行需要高踝关节力量感知的活动（如平衡、协调和精准任务）之前，不应进行静态拉伸。
