CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Department of Agricultural Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
Fitoterapia. 2019 Mar;133:130-136. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.01.001. Epub 2019 Jan 14.
With the goal of unravelling antimicrobial agents and mixtures inspired by plant defences, we investigated the antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Hirtellina lobelii DC. essential oil (EO), both alone and in combination with antimicrobial drugs. Hirtellina lobelii DC. EO was analysed by GC, GC-MS and partial fractionation/NMR. It was essentially composed of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (75.2%), with α-bisabolol (34.5%), fokienol (12.0%) and T-muurolol (6.8%) serving as the main components. Microbial susceptibility was determined by the broth microdilution method and was expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal or fungicidal concentration (MBC or MFC). This EO was found to possess remarkable bactericidal (MBC/MIC = 2) and fungicidal (MFC/MIC = 1-4) potential, particularly against the Gram (+) bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, including its methicillin-resistant forms, the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytes from the genus Trichophyton (MICs 8-128 μg/ml). The examination of the combined effects of the EO with antimicrobial drugs revealed synergisms of the EO with vancomycin against S. aureus and of the EO with fluconazole and griseofulvin against dermatophytic fungi (FICI 0.2-0.5). The effect of H. lobelii EO on the morphologies of fungal hyphae and bacteria, as determined by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), showed fungal hyphae swelling and bulging. These results suggest that H. lobelii EO and its major constituent, α-bisabolol, have remarkable antimicrobial potential. Combination therapies of this EO with antifungal drugs could offer a promising alternative for treatment of human mycoses caused by filamentous dermatophytic fungi.
为了揭示受植物防御启发的抗菌剂和混合物，我们研究了希氏菊属（Hirtellina lobelii DC.）精油（EO）的单独使用和与抗菌药物联合使用的抗菌和抗真菌功效。通过 GC、GC-MS 和部分分馏/NMR 对 Hirtellina lobelii DC. EO 进行了分析。它主要由含氧倍半萜组成（75.2%），其中 α-毕澄茄醇（34.5%）、法枯醇（12.0%）和 T-桉叶醇（6.8%）作为主要成分。微生物敏感性通过肉汤微量稀释法确定，并表示为最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌或抑菌浓度（MBC 或 MFC）。发现该精油具有显著的杀菌（MBC/MIC=2）和杀菌（MFC/MIC=1-4）潜力，特别是对革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌，包括其耐甲氧西林形式、新生隐球菌酵母和来自毛癣菌属的皮肤真菌（MICs 8-128μg/ml）。检查精油与抗菌药物联合作用的结果表明，精油与万古霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌、精油与氟康唑和灰黄霉素对皮肤真菌的协同作用（FICI 0.2-0.5）。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察希氏菊属精油对真菌菌丝和细菌形态的影响表明真菌菌丝肿胀和隆起。这些结果表明，希氏菊属精油及其主要成分 α-毕澄茄醇具有显著的抗菌潜力。这种精油与抗真菌药物的联合治疗可能为治疗由丝状皮肤真菌引起的人类真菌感染提供一种有前途的替代方法。
