a Department of Sociology and Anthropology , Global WaSH Cluster, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA.
Glob Public Health. 2019 Sep;14(9):1347-1359. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2019.1566483. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
Despite the increased availability of improved water sources globally, enteric illnesses remain a source of significant morbidity and mortality. While the MDGs goal for safe water, i.e. improved sources, was met, substantial numbers of people still rely on unimproved sources for at least some of their water needs and contamination can occur between the source and consumption. Reviews and meta-analyses point to the need for better understanding of the cultural context for (HWT) technologies. Qualitative interviews ( = 56) conducted in the Maseru District of Lesotho (2011) addressed how people decided if their water was safe, their understanding of the linkage between water and enteric illness, and health-seeking behaviour. Respondents overwhelmingly relied on visual inspections to determine if their water was clean and not all participants linked consuming unsafe water with diarrheal disease. More than half of all respondents did not boil their water, despite believing that their primary source was not clean. People often have the knowledge necessary to ensure safe water but do not for myriad reasons, including financial constraints or habit. Data such as these are critical as the literature reveals often conflicting findings about the effectiveness of HWT and water safety takes on increasing importance in syndemic settings.
尽管全球改善水源的供应有所增加，但肠道疾病仍然是发病率和死亡率的重要来源。虽然千年发展目标中安全用水的目标（即改善水源）已经实现，但仍有大量人仍然依靠未经改善的水源来满足部分用水需求，而且在水源和消费之间可能会发生污染。评论和荟萃分析指出，需要更好地了解（高温消毒）技术的文化背景。2011 年在莱索托的马塞卢区进行的定性访谈（ = 56）探讨了人们如何判断自己的水是否安全，他们对水与肠道疾病之间联系的理解，以及寻求健康的行为。受访者压倒性地依赖目视检查来确定他们的水是否清洁，并非所有参与者都将饮用不安全的水与腹泻病联系起来。尽管超过一半的受访者认为他们的主要水源不干净，但他们并没有煮沸水。尽管人们通常具备确保安全用水的知识，但由于各种原因，包括经济限制或习惯，他们并没有这样做。这些数据至关重要，因为文献揭示了高温消毒技术有效性的经常相互矛盾的发现，而在综合征环境中，水安全的重要性日益增加。
