Enhancement of hemostatic property of plant derived oxidized nanocellulose-silk fibroin based scaffolds by thrombin loading.

To combat post-surgical and traumatic bleeding conditions effective hemostasis is of great importance. The study was designed to investigate the effect of thrombin (Th) loading on hemostatic performance of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN)-silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds. Addition of SF with TOCN significantly (P < 0.001) increased blood absorption capacity and improved biocompatibility of TOCN. Thrombin loading potentiated platelet activation and hemostatic property of scaffolds (TOCN-SF-Th) compared to samples without thrombin (TOCN-SF). The hemostatic time of TOCN-SF5-Th in rabbit ear artery bleeding model was reduced ( P < 0.001) to 114 s from 220 s of TOCN-SF5. Reduction in bleeding time and blood loss of TOCN-SF5-Th in rat tail amputation and liver avulsion model was comparable to commercial hemostat (Floseal). Surface morphology (SEM) of samples applied on bleeding site showed that RBCs and fibrin fiber could strongly interact with TOCN-SF and TOCN-SF-Th scaffolds. The result suggests that TOCN-SF-Th can be a promising candidate for designing hemostatic agents.