Ibne Mahbub Md Sowaib, Sultana Tamanna, Gwon Jae-Gyoung, Lee Byong-Taek
Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea.
Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Collage of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea.
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2022 Mar;33(4):499-516. doi: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1992877. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
Excessive blood loss due to trauma or major surgical intervention can be life threatening which necessitates rapid hemorrhage management for the prevention of such bleeding related sufferings. Broad interest in developing new hemostatic technologies have been paid for bleeding control but none of them found completely satisfactory especially in terms of rapid clotting, absorbability, porosity, cost effectiveness and safety. To address these issues, a combination of active and passive hemostatic materials from biological sources could be a wise choice. Therefore, plant-derived TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose (TOCN)/biopolymer gelatin (G) sponge was successfully prepared in co-operation with intrinsic blood coagulation enzyme thrombin (Th) freeze drying method and their application as rapid hemostatic dressing was investigated. Morphological and characteristics of the samples were evaluated where uniformity, porosity, swelling, degradation behavior had direct relationship with the percent gelatin incorporation. hemocompatibility and cyto-compatibility of these sponges were confirmed as well. Among the samples, TOCN 2.5G-Th sponge exhibited excellent hemostatic effect, rapid absorbability, minimum clotting time (1.37 ± 0.152 min) and reduction of blood loss was ensured through rat liver punch biopsy model. The results demonstrated that, Th enhanced blood coagulation, platelet and red blood cell aggregation following application of biopolymer TOCN 2.5G-Th sponge compared with samples devoid of Th. In short, the functional, cost effective and nontoxic sponge developed facile preparation could potentially be used as an absorbable biomaterial to achieve immediate hemostasis. HighlightsPlant-derived TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose (TOCN) and biopolymer gelatin (G) was successfully used to prepare a hemostatic sponge in combination with intrinsic blood coagulation enzyme thrombin (Th).The TG sponge combines the advantages of TOCN and gelatin, exhibiting biocompatibility, biodegradability and superior blood-absorption performance.The TOCN 2.5G-Th sponge improves plasma absorption, red blood cell adhesion, aggregation, platelet adhesion and activation leading to enhanced hemostasis effect and shorter hemostasis time and .
创伤或重大手术干预导致的失血过多可能会危及生命，因此需要快速进行出血管理以预防此类与出血相关的痛苦。人们对开发新的止血技术以控制出血有着广泛的兴趣，但目前还没有一种技术能完全令人满意，特别是在快速凝血、可吸收性、孔隙率、成本效益和安全性方面。为了解决这些问题，将生物源的活性和被动止血材料结合起来可能是一个明智的选择。因此，通过与内源性凝血酶（Th）冷冻干燥法合作，成功制备了植物源TEMPO氧化纳米纤维素（TOCN）/生物聚合物明胶（G）海绵，并研究了其作为快速止血敷料的应用。对样品的形态和特性进行了评估，其中均匀性、孔隙率、膨胀、降解行为与明胶掺入百分比有直接关系。这些海绵的血液相容性和细胞相容性也得到了证实。在这些样品中，TOCN 2.5G-Th海绵表现出优异的止血效果、快速吸收性、最短凝血时间（1.37±0.152分钟），并通过大鼠肝穿刺活检模型确保了失血量的减少。结果表明，与不含Th的样品相比，应用生物聚合物TOCN 2.5G-Th海绵后，Th增强了血液凝固、血小板和红细胞聚集。简而言之，所开发的功能良好、成本效益高且无毒的海绵制备简便，有可能用作可吸收生物材料以实现即时止血。要点：植物源TEMPO氧化纳米纤维素（TOCN）和生物聚合物明胶（G）成功地与内源性凝血酶（Th）结合制备了止血海绵。TG海绵结合了TOCN和明胶的优点，具有生物相容性、生物降解性和优异的吸血性能。TOCN 2.5G-Th海绵改善了血浆吸收、红细胞粘附、聚集、血小板粘附和活化，从而增强了止血效果，缩短了止血时间。
