Department of Physical Sciences, Barry University, Miami Shores, FL, USA.
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Sep Sci. 2019 Mar;42(5):999-1011. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201801071. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
Porous monoliths are well-known stationary phases in high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography. Contrastingly, their use in other types of separation methods such as gas or supercritical fluid chromatography is limited and scarce. In particular, very few studies address the use of monolithic columns in supercritical fluid chromatography. These are limited to silica-based monoliths and will be covered in this review together with an underlying reason for this trend. The application of monoliths in gas chromatography has received much more attention and is well documented in two reviews by Svec and Kurganov published in 2008 and 2013, respectively. The most recent studies, covered in this review, build on the previous findings and on further understanding of the influence of preparation conditions on porous properties and chromatographic performance of poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene), polymethacrylate, and silica-based monolithic columns while expanding to polymer-based monoliths with incorporated metal organic frameworks and to vinylized hybrid silica monoliths. In addition, the potential application of porous layer open tubular monolithic columns in low-pressure gas chromatography will be addressed.
多孔整体柱是高效液相色谱法和毛细管电色谱法中常用的固定相。相比之下，它们在其他类型的分离方法中的应用，如气相或超临界流体色谱法中则受到限制，应用也很少。特别是，很少有研究涉及超临界流体色谱法中使用整体柱。本文将涵盖基于硅胶的整体柱，以及这种趋势的根本原因。整体柱在气相色谱中的应用受到了更多的关注，并在 Svec 和 Kurganov 于 2008 年和 2013 年分别发表的两篇综述中得到了很好的记录。本综述中涵盖的最新研究基于之前的研究结果，并进一步了解了制备条件对聚苯乙烯-共-二乙烯基苯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯和基于硅胶的整体柱的多孔性质和色谱性能的影响，同时扩展到了含有金属有机骨架的聚合物整体柱和乙烯化杂化硅胶整体柱。此外，还将讨论多孔层开管整体柱在低压气相色谱中的潜在应用。
