Svrčinová Pavla, Janout Vladimír
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2018 Dec;26(4):321-325. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a4940.
In recent years increasing pressure to limit the powers of the Czech public health authorities in the field of food safety has been noticed. An approach to safe food production and official controls depends on diverse and complex socioeconomic factors in the context of political and legislative framework within which food producers and official controllers exist. Official controls are those activities carried out by the competent authorities (CA) or delegated bodies) in Member States to verify business compliance with the requirements set out in agri-food chain legislation. The presented text compares the effectiveness of national food safety systems in the Member States (MS) of the European Union (EU). Under the current EU legislation, each MS shall appoint the competent authorities responsible for the purposes of European legislation in the field of food safety and for performance of official controls. Member States shall ensure that official controls are carried out regularly, on a risk basis and with appropriate frequency to achieve the objectives set out in the European legislation. For evaluation were used the country profiles of Member States, as published in 2011-2015. From the perspective of the European Commission current system of official controls in the Czech Republic is rated as one of the most effective and least problematic. When comparing various systems in Member States it is not possible to decide which control system is more efficient, i.e. system based on one competent authority or relying on several competent authorities.
近年来，人们注意到捷克公共卫生当局在食品安全领域的权力受到越来越大的限制压力。食品安全生产和官方监管的方式取决于食品生产者和官方监管机构所处的政治和立法框架背景下多样而复杂的社会经济因素。官方监管是指成员国主管当局（CA）或受委托机构开展的活动，以核实企业是否符合农业食品链立法规定的要求。本文比较了欧盟（EU）成员国国家食品安全体系的有效性。根据现行欧盟立法，每个成员国应指定负责食品安全领域欧洲立法目的和进行官方监管的主管当局。成员国应确保定期、基于风险并以适当频率进行官方监管，以实现欧洲立法规定的目标。评估采用了2011 - 2015年发布的成员国国情简介。从欧盟委员会的角度来看，捷克共和国现行的官方监管体系被评为最有效且问题最少的体系之一。在比较成员国的各种体系时，无法确定哪种监管体系更有效，即基于一个主管当局的体系还是依赖多个主管当局的体系。
