Wagner Dale R, Clark Nicolas W
Kinesiology & Health Science Department, Utah State University, USA.
J Exerc Sci Fit. 2018 Apr;16(1):12-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2018.01.002. Epub 2018 Jan 6.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Wintertime thermal inversions in narrow mountain valleys create a ceiling effect, increasing concentration of small particulate matter (PM). Despite potential health risks, many people continue to exercise outdoors in thermal inversions. This study measured the effects of ambient PM exposure associated with a typical thermal inversion on exercise performance, pulmonary function, and biological markers of inflammation.
Healthy, active adults (5 males, 11 females) performed two cycle ergometer time trials outdoors in a counterbalanced design: 1) low ambient PM concentrations (<12 μg/m), and 2) an air quality index (AQI) ranking of "yellow." Variables of interest were exercise performance, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), c-reactive protein (CRP), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV).
Despite a significant difference in mean PM concentration of 9.3 ± 3.0 μg/m between trials ( < .001), there was no significant difference ( = .424) in the distance covered during low PM conditions (9.9 ± 1.7 km) compared to high PM conditions (10.1 ± 1.5 km). There were no clinically significant differences across time or between trials for eNO, CRP, FVC, or FEV. Additionally, there were no dose-response relationships ( > .05) for PM concentration and the measured variables.
An acute bout of vigorous exercise during an AQI of "yellow" did not diminish exercise performance in healthy adults, nor did it have a negative effect on pulmonary function or biological health markers. These variables might not be sensitive to small changes from acute, mild PM exposure.
背景/目的：狭窄山谷中的冬季逆温会产生一种封顶效应，增加细颗粒物（PM）的浓度。尽管存在潜在的健康风险，但许多人仍在逆温天气下继续进行户外锻炼。本研究测量了与典型逆温相关的环境PM暴露对运动表现、肺功能和炎症生物标志物的影响。
健康、活跃的成年人（5名男性，11名女性）以平衡设计在户外进行了两次自行车测力计计时试验：1）低环境PM浓度（<12μg/m），以及2）空气质量指数（AQI）等级为“黄色”。感兴趣的变量包括运动表现、呼出一氧化氮（eNO）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、用力肺活量（FVC）和1秒用力呼气量（FEV）。
尽管两次试验之间的平均PM浓度存在显著差异，为9.3±3.0μg/m（P<0.001），但与高PM条件（10.1±1.5公里）相比，低PM条件下（9.9±1.7公里）覆盖的距离没有显著差异（P=0.424）。eNO、CRP、FVC或FEV在不同时间或试验之间没有临床显著差异。此外，PM浓度与测量变量之间没有剂量反应关系（P>0.05）。
在AQI为“黄色”期间进行的一次急性剧烈运动，并未降低健康成年人的运动表现，也未对肺功能或生物健康标志物产生负面影响。这些变量可能对急性、轻度PM暴露引起的微小变化不敏感。
