Antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of a new limonoid and a new phenyl alkene from the stem bark of (Meliaceae).

One new limonoid, trigilgianin (), one new phenyl alkene, epoxy gilgialkene (), together with five known compounds: scopoletin (), sitosteryl-6'--undecanoate--D-glucoside (), sitosteryl---D-glucopyranoside (), cinchonain A () and cinchonain B () were isolated from the stem bark of Harms. (Meliaceae). All compounds were isolated for the first time from this species. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral studies and by comparison of these data with those from the literature. Compounds , , , and were tested for antileishmanial activity against visceral leishmaniasis parasite and cytotoxicity against macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. Compounds and showed the highest antileishmanial activity (IC values of 6.044 and 6.804 µg/mL, respectively) with low cytotoxicity (CC values of >200 and 47.47 µg/mL, respectively), while compound was moderately active on promastigotes (IC 56.81 µg/mL).